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Dental Prestudy
words & meanings
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aerobes | Bacteria that requires oxygen to grow |
| Anaerobes | Bacteria that grows in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen |
| Candida | A yeast commonly found in the oral cavity gastrointestinal tract, female genital tract, and sometimes the skin |
| Fungi | Plants, such as mushrooms, yeast, and molds, that lack chlorophll; singular fungus |
| Microbiology | The study of microorganisms |
| Virulent | Capable of causing serious disease |
| Acquired Immunity | Immunity that is developed during a person's life |
| Acute infection | An infection of short duration that is often severe |
| Blood-borne Disease | Disease such as HBV, HCV, or HIV infection that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in the blood |
| Chronic Infection | An infection of long duration |
| Direct Contact | Touching or contact with a patient's blood or saliva |
| Droplet Infection | Infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth |
| OSHA Blood-Borne against Pathogens pathogens. Standard | Guidelines designed to protect employees occupational exposure to blood-borne |
| Antiseptic | Substance for killing microorganisms on the skin |
| Bioburden | Blood, saliva, and other body fluids |
| Broad-spectrum activity | Capable of killing a wide range of microbes |
| Disinfectant | Chemical used to reduce or lower the number of microorganisms on non-living objects |
| House keeping surface | Surface that is not contaminated during dental treatment. (e.g.floors,walls) |
| Iodophor | EPA-registered, intermediate-level hospital disinfectant |
| Precleaning | Removal of bioburden before disinfection |
| Sterilization | Process that kills all microorganisms |
| Surface barrier | Fluid resistant material used to cover surfaces likely to become contaminated |
| Autoclave | Instrument for sterilization by means of moist heat under pressure |
| Biologic indicators | Vials or strips, also known as spore tests, that contain harmless bacterial spores: used to determine if sterilization has occurred |
| Contaminated area | Place where contaminated items are brought for precleaning |
| Noncritical instrument | Item that comes in contact with intact skin only |
| Ultrasonic cleaner | Instrument that loosens and removed debris by sound waves traveling through a liquid |
| Latent Infection | Persistant infection with recurrent symptoms that "come and go" |
| Midsagittal Plane | imaginary line that divides the body into equal left and right sides |
| Muscle Insertion | Location where the muscle ends |
| Appendicular | Region of the body that consist of the arms and legs |
| Central Nervous System (CNS) | The brain and the spinal cord |
| Periosteum | Specialized, connetive tissue that covers all bones of the body |
| Anatomy | The study of the shape and structure of the human body |
| Connective Tissue | The major support material of the body |
| Alveolar Process | Portion of the maxillary bone that forms the support for the teeth of the maxillary arch |
| Tragus | Cartilaginous, projection, anterior to the external opening of the ear |
| Foramen | A small round opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves and ligaments pass |
| Labial Commissure | The angle at the corners of the mouth where the upper and lower lips join |
| Angular Cheilosis | Inflammation at the corners of the mouth (cracks) |
| Great Palatine Nerve | Nerve, that serves the posterior hard palate and the posterior lingual gingiva |
| Glenoid Fossa | Area of the temporal bone, where the condyles of the mandible, articulates with the skull |
| Fossa | Wide, shallow, depression on the lingual surface of the anterior teeth |
| Frontal Plane | Vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions |
| Abdominal Cavity | Contains the stomach,liver, gallbladder, speen, and most of the intestines |
| External Auditory Meatus | Boney passage of the outer ear |
| Joints | Sturctural area where 2 or more bones come together |
| Horizontal Plane | Plane that divides the body in superior and inferior portions |
| Pericardium | A double-walled sac that encloses the heart |
| Muscle Origin | Location where the muscle begins |
| Involuntary Muscles | Muscles that function automatically without conscious control |
| Parotid Duct | Duct associated with the parotid salivary glands |
| Cancellous | Lightweight bone found in the interior of bones |
| Nucleus | The control center of the cell |
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | Cranial nerve and spinal nerves |
| Integumentary System | The skin system |
| Epithelial Tissue | Type of tissue that forms the covering for all body surfaces |
| Anatomical Position | Body standing erect, face forward, feet together, arms hanging at the side, palms forward |
| Dorsol Cavity | Cavity located in the back of the body |
| Arteries | Large blood vessels that carry the blood away from the heart |
| Articulation | Another term for joint |
| Osteoblasts | Cells that form bone |
| Muscle Tissue | Tissue that has the ability to lengthen or shorten to provide movement to body parts |
| Cartilage | Tough, connective, nonvascular elastic tissue |
| Nerve Tissue | Responsible for co-ordinating and controlling the bodies activities |
| Physiology | The study of the functions of the human body |
| Occipital | Region of the head overlying the occipital bone and covered by the scalp |
| Vallate Papillae | Largest papillae on the tongue arranged in the form of a V |
| Capillaries | A system of microscopic vessels that connect the arterial and venuous systems |
| Compact Bone | Outer layer of bones where needed for strength |
| White Blood Cells | Cells that have the primary function of fighting disease in the body |
| Mucobuccal Fold | Base of the vestibule, where the buccal mucosa meets the alveolar mucosa |
| Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) | Joint on either side of the head that allows for movement of the mandible |
| Mental Protuberance | Part of the mandible that forms the chin |
| Temporal | Region of the head superior to the zygomatic arch |
| Zygomatic | Region of the head located near the Zygomatic bone |
| Hamulus | Hooked shaped process |
| Masseter | The strongest and the most obvious muscle of masticulation |
| Incisive Papilla | Paired shaped pad of tissue that covers the incisive foramen |
| Filiform Papillee | Thread-like elevation that covers most of the tongue |
| Veins | Blood vessels that carry the blood to the heart |
| Peristalsis | Rythmic action that moves food through the digestive tract |
| Parotid Papilla | Small elevation of tissue on the inner surface of the cheek |
| Process | A prominence or projection on a bone |
| Philtrum | rectangular area from under the nose to the midline of the upper lip |
| Infraorbital | Region of the head below the orbital region |
| Mental | Region of the head located near the chin |
| Red Blood Cells | cells that contain the blood protein, hemoglobin,plays an essential role in oxygen transport |
| Plasma | Straw-colored fluid that transports nutrients, horomones and waste products |
| Orbital | Region of the head located around the eyes |
| Sharpey's Fibers | Tissue that anchors the periosteum to the bone |
| Trigeminal Nerve | The nerve that is primary source of innervation to the oral cavity |
| Lacrimal Bones | Paired Facial bones that help form the medial wall of the orbit |
| Maxillary Tuberosity | Large, rounded area on the outer surface of the maxillary bones in the area of the posterior teeth |
Created by:
Mickster
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