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6th Unit 3b

Geology: Forces in the Earth

TermDefinition
Core The solid and molten layers at the center of the earth.
Mantle The layer of the earth that surrounds the core.
Crust The top layer of the earth.
Continental drift Theory that the major land masses of the earth move.
Pangaea Single landmass from which the continents separated.
Sea-floor spreading The theory that the ocean floor spreads apart as new crust is formed at the mid-oceanic ridge.
Plate tectonics The theory that the earth's surface is made up of large sections that move.
Plate Large section of the earth's crust that moves.
Convection current Circular motion of gas or liquid as it heats and cools.
Volcano Mountain that develops where magma erupts onto the earth's surface.
Cinder cone Small volcano with steep sides and explosive eruptions made of ash and rocks.
Shield volcano Volcano with wide crater, developing from layers of lava.
Composite volcano Tall volcano formed from eruptions of ash and rock followed by quiet lava flows.
Folding Bending of rock layers that are squeezed together.
Fault Break in the earth's crust along which movement occurs.
Normal fault Break in the crust in which the overhanging block of rock has slid down.
Reverse fault Break in the crust in which the overhanging block of rock has been raised.
Strike-slip fault Break in the crust in which the blocks of rock move horizontally past each other.
Earthquake Shaking of the earth's crust.
Seismograph Instrument that detects and records earthquake waves.
Epicenter Point on the earth's surface directly over the focus of an earthquake.
Richter scale A scale used to measure the strength of an earthquake.
Tsunami Large sea wave caused by vibrations of the earth.
Created by: darrin_evans
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