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Genetics Vocabulary

TermDefinition
genetics the study of heredity
heredity the passing of traits from parents to offspring
genes a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait
chromosomes carries genetic information that controls inherited characteristics such as eye color
allele the different forms of a gene, such as dominant or recessive, represented by a letter
trait the specific forms of a characteristics that are pass down to offspring through genes
dominant allele an allele whose trait is always visible when the allele is present
recessive allele an allele whose trait is only visible when the dominant allele is not present
heterozygous ( hybird) two different alleles ( Rr)
homozygous (purebread) two of the same alleles (RR or rr)
phenotype the physical characteristic of a person ( what you physically see)
genotype the genetic makeup or allele combinations ( Rr)
probability the chance that something will happen
punnett square a chart that shows all possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
incomplete dominance when one trait doesn't dominate over the other but both alleles have an influence on the traits blends trait
co-dominance a condition where neither allele is dominate and both alleles are expressed in the offspring both traits appear
carrier a person whose genotype includes an allele for a trait but it is not expressed in the phenotype
pedigree a tool for tracing traits through generations of a family
asexual reproduction 1 parent produces an offspring that is one exact copy
sexual reproduction 2 parents produce an offspring with a mix of traits from both parents
Created by: yesam2004
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