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Digestive System

Science

QuestionAnswer
Why is the digestive system important? It allows us to take in and process food so that we could provide our body with the nutrients and energy needed for metabolism.
Mechanical digestion. Food is made smaller using teeth and tongue, physical breakdown.
Chemical digestion. Food is broken down using enzymes.
Where does chemical digestion begin? The mouth.
Where does the digestion of starches begin? The mouth.
What enzyme breaks down starches in the mouth that is present in saliva? Amylase.
Where does ingestion begin? The mouth.
Another name for the mouth. Oral cavity.
What do teeth do? Mechanically break down food into smaller pieces.
What does the tongue do? Mixes up chewed food and pushes it down the throat.
What do the salivary glands do? Secrete saliva through a duct and into the mouth.
Esophagus. Tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Wavelike contractions that move food down the esophagus. Peristalsis.
Seals off the trachea while eating so food isn't accidentally inhaled. Epiglottis.
Another name for windpipe. Trachea.
Another word for throat. Pharynx.
Function of the stomach. A muscular organ that helps to liquefy and digest food while also secreting/releasing digestive enzymes.
Present in the gastric juices in the stomach, helps breakdown food, kills bacteria, and helps maintain a proper pH. Hydrochloric acid.
Gastirc glands/Juices. Enzymes.
Secretes mucus in the stomach. Pyloric acids.
Where does final digestion occur? Small intestine.
Where does the absorption of nutrients occur? Small intestine.
Enzymes in the small intestine that help it break down proteins, lipids, and sugars. Protease, Lipase, and Maltase/Sucrase.
True or False: Most chemical digestion occurs in the stomach. False, the small intestine.
A lining in the small intestine that increases surface area and are covered in capillaries/blood vessels for absorbing digested materials. Villi.
Where diffusion of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. Capillaries.
Another name for the large intestine. Colon.
Function of the large intestine. Reabsorbs water and forms undigested material into semi-solid feces.
Where is feces stored? In the rectum.
Where is the feces released and what is this process called? Anus, egestion/defecation.
Alimentary canal. The tube through which food passes, extends from the mouth to the anus.
Another name for alimentary canal. GI Tract/Digestive tube.
Organs which the alimentary canal passes through. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus.
Three accessory organs. Liver, gall bladder, pancreas.
Function of the liver. Produces bile to emulsify (break down into smaller droplets) fats.
Function of the gall bladder. Stores bile.
Function of the pancreas. Makes and stores the digestive enzyme, pancreatic juice.
End product of the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Simple sugars, fatty acids and glycerol, amino acids.
Where does the breakdown of protein begin? Stomach.
Elimination of watery feces. Diarrhea.
Disorder that results in dehydration. Diarrhea.
Frequent evacuation of wastes. Diarrhea.
Quick peristaltic activity. Diarrhea.
Disorder where feces remains in the colon for too long. Constipation.
Caused by little fiber and water in diet. Constipation.
Sluggish peristaltic activity. Constipation.
Small, hardened cholesterol deposits that form in the gall bladder, block the flow of bile and cause severe pain. Gallstone.
Inflammation of the appendix. Appendicitis.
An open, painful sore that erodes the stomach lining. Ulcers.
Created by: emarciante9
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