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genetics

scince grade 6

TermDefinition
heredity the transmission of genetic characters from parents to offspring: it is dependent upon the segregation and recombination of genes during meiosis and fertilization and results in the genesis of a new individual similar to others of its kind
asexual having no sex or sexual organs.
reproduction the act or process of reproducing.
gene the basic physical unit of heredity; a linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of DNA that provides the coded instructions for synthesis of RNA, which, when translated into protein, leads to the expression of hereditary character.
DNA the set of non genetic traits, qualities, or features that characterize a person or thing:
egg cell female egg
sperm cell any male gamete
chromosomes any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the female and male sex chromosomes respectively.
dominant trait In genetics, a trait that will appear in the offspring if one of the parents contributes it.
recessive trait In genetics, a trait that must be contributed by both parents in order to appear in the offspring
alleles any of several forms of a gene, usually arising through mutation, that are responsible for hereditary variation.
genotype the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits.
phenotype the appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the genotype and the environment.
meiosis Cell Biology. part of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid.
mitosis the usual method of cell division, characterized typically by the resolving of the chromatin of the nucleus into a threadlike form, which condenses into chromosomes
Created by: griffin_sadler
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