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Life Science #1
Animal Classification - Classification Systems & Invertebrates
| the smallest unit of a living organism | cells |
| warm-blooded | the ability for an animal to create their own body heat |
| cold-blooded | the animals' body heat is determined by outside temperature |
| endoskeleton | inside skeleton- this skeleton grows along with the animal |
| exoskeleton | outside skeleton - the hard, outer body that protects the soft body parts of many invertebrates |
| Classification system (What order do they go?) | Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species |
| the smallest, most specific level of classification | species |
| the broadest level of classification | kingdom |
| Why is a classification system needed? | helps scientists to communicate with other scientists by knowing exactly what organism they are talking about organizes all living things into groups based on similar features |
| Sponges | simplest body structure -- no stomach or organs - they are filter feeders |
| jelly fish, sea anemonie (Cnidarians) | stinging cells organized into tissues. It has tentacles and mouth, but no brain or heart |
| sea stars, sand dollars (Echinoderms) | spiny skin and tube feet (which move by pushing water through them). It forces out its mouth & onto its prey to eat |
| Worms | 3 types - flat, round, and segmented - MORE evolved than sponges, jelly fish, or sea stars. They have more complex body systems organs such as a heart and brain and muscles. (invertebrates) |
| snails, clams, oysters, squid, octopus ( Mollusks) | muscular foot for movement - most have a soft body surrounded by a shell. (invertebrates) |
| insects, spiders, lobsters, crabs ( belong to Arthropods) | largest group of invertebrates in the world, jointed legs, 3 body parts, exoskeletons Insects - largest group of arthropods (invertebrates) |
| Ancient Bacteria: (Monera) Kingdom | smallest, one-celled, live in harsh places such as hot springs, deep underground, or deep ocean vents |
| True Bacteria: (Monera) Kingdom | smallest, one-celled, can live on land or on water |
| Protists Kingdom (algae) | usually single-celled, but with a nucleus, can make their own food from sun's energy - live in water or wet places |
| Fungus Kingdom (mushrooms, fungus, mold, yeast, mildew) | many cells - not movable, gets food from decaying/dead plants or animals, mostly live on land. |
| Plant Kingdom | many cells, use sunlight to make food (photosynthesis), live on land and water. Some plants use roots & veins to draw water and others do not. |
| Animal Kingdom | Consists of vertebrates(mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and birds) and invertebrates (sponges, cnidarians, echinoderms, worms, mollusks, arthropods). Most animals are invertebrates. |
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