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Genetics

3rd 9 weeks 7sc

TermDefinition
Phenotype an organism's visual traits; physical appearance
traits/phenotype physical characteristics of an organism
variation any difference between individuals of the same species
genotype an organism's genetic makeup; allele combinations
hybrid/heterozygous an organism that contains 2 different alleles for a trait
natural selection process - individuals that are better adapted to an environment are more likely to survive and reproduce to pass traits down to offspring
genetic engineering process -genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism
inbreeding crossing two individuals with identical or similar sets of alleles
evolution gradual change in a species over many generations
adaptation a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment
heredity passing of traits from parent to offspring
selective breeding process -selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents for next generation
hybridization crossing two individuals with different sets of alleles
genes factors that control traits
dominant an allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present
mitosis process - produces 2 identical body cells each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell
probability likelihood that a particular event will occur
meiosis process - produces four sex cells, each contain half the usual number of chormosomes
purebred/homozygous produces offspring with the same form of traits as the parent; has two identical alleles for a trait
recessive an allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
Created by: cindyjritter
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