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6th CK Tectonics 3
6th CK SCIENCE Plate Tectonics 3 COMPLETE
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Magma | molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface |
| Magnitude | a measurement of earthquake strength based on seismic waves and movement along faults |
| Mantle | an earth layer composed of magma, a solid that flows like a liquid, that surrounds the spherical mass at the center of the earth; the layer of the Earth that extends from the bottom of the crust to the core |
| Mercalli scale | rates earthquakes according to their intensity or effects on a scale of I - XII |
| Mesosaurus | an extinct small aquatic reptile of the early Permian period, with an elongated body, flattened tail, and a long narrow snout with numerous needlelike teeth. |
| Midocean ridge | an undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a constructive (divergent) plate boundary |
| Mineral | a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and crystal shape |
| Moment Magnitude scale | rates the total energy released by an earthquake |
| Normal fault | caused by tension forces, one block of rock moves upward (footwall) and the other moves downward (hanging wall) |
| Ocean-floor spreading | the process in which old ocean floor is pushed away from a midocean ridge by the formation of new ocean floor |
| Oceanic | of or relating to the ocean |
| Outer Core | the outer section of a spherical mass at the center of the earth composed of liquid iron and nickel |
| Pangaea | a super continent meaning “all land” in Greek; all Earth; at one time Earth was single land mass that broke up into large pieces |
| Plate tectonics | study of how earth’s plates move; the moving, irregularly-shaped slabs of earth that fit together like paving stones to form the surface layer of the Earth |
| Plateau | large area of flat land elevated high above sea level and that consists of horizontal rock layers |
| Primary waves (P waves) | the first waves to arrive at the seismic station and are waves that compress and expand (push and pull) |
| Reverse fault | caused by compression forces, hanging wall moves up and footwall moves down |
| Richter scale | magnitude/intensity measurement of an earthquake’s seismic waves from 1 to 10 |
| Rift | a big crack in the ocean floor |
| Rift valley | a valley formed when the block of land between two normal faults slides downward |
| Rock | a hard substance composed of one or more minerals or mineral-like substances |
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