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Biology Ch 9.1
Ch.9 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| genetics | the science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parents to offspring |
| heredity | the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
| trait | a genetically determined variant of a characteristic |
| pollination | the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures (the anthers) to the tip of a female reproductive structure (the pistil) of a flower in angiosperms or to the ovule in gymnosperms |
| self-pollination | the transfer of pollen gains from an another to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower on the same plant |
| cross-pollination | a reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant |
| true-breeding | describes organisms or genotypes that are homozygous for a specific trait and thus always produce offspring that have the same phenotype for that trait |
| P generation | parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross |
| F1 generation | the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms |
| F2 generation | the second generation of offspring, obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms; the offspring of the F1 generation |
| dominate | describes the allele that if fully expressed when carried by only one of a pair homologous chromosomes |
| recessive | describes the traits or an allele that is expressed only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristics are inherited |
| law of segregation | Mende's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that the only chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete |
| law of independent assortment | the law that states that genes separate independently of one another in meiosis |
| molecular genetics | the study of the structure of the nucleic acids and the function and regulation of genes |
| allele | one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
Created by:
SchmidtE20
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