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Science Midterm

TermDefinition
Actinoid series The second row of elements on the element table. They are radioactive.
Alkali metals They only have one electron.
Alkaline earth metals Never found in nature.
Amorphous When solids lose their shape.
Atom Building blocks of matter.
Atomic number identifies the element.
Atomic mass The average mass of all the isotopes in the element.
Boron family The 13th family in the table of elements.
Boyle's law As the volume of gas increases, the pressure decreases.
Brittle Describes non metals and break easily.
Carbon family The elements in this family contain 4 electrons.
Celsius scale A metric temperature scale.
Centimeter 100th of a meter.
Charles law When the temperature increases, the volume increases.
Chemical changes When a substance turns into a new substance.
Chemical properties Describes a substance changing into a new substance.
Coefficient A number that shows the atoms or molecules found in the reaction.
Compounds A molecule that contains more than one type of atom.
Condensation When gas turns into a liquid.
Corrosive When metal is chemically changed into a compound.
Density How much mass is in an object.
Ductile Unable to go through a thin wire.
E. Rutherford A British physicist who stated a new theory about the atom.
Electrons One of the three subatomic particles in an atom. The orbit around the nucleus.
Element The simplest type of pure substances. They usually have symbols to represent them.
Evaporation When only the surface of water vaporizes.
Families A row of similar elements on the periodic table.
Freezing The transition from liquid to a solid.
Fusion The transition from a solid to a liquid.
Crystallization The process if a liquid transforming into a crystal.
Gas The phase which matter has no absolute mass or volume.
Gas laws The Boyle's law and the Charles's law.
Graduated cylinder A tool that helps you measure liquid.
Gravity Its what keeps us on the ground.
Groups A column of elements on the periodic table of elements.
Halogen family The atoms each element in this family have 7 electrons.
Inches Our country's smallest unit of measure.
Isotopes When two atoms have the same number of protons.
Insoluble Unable to dissolve in any material. Water is an example.
JJ Thompson He discovered the electron.
John Dalton He discovered the theory that all elements have atoms.
Kelvin scale A different metric temperature scale.
Lanthanoid series A series of elements theta are rare on Earth.
Liquid Matter that does not have a definite shape but has a definite volume.
Luster Shininess.
Malleable Able to turn into a thin sheet from a hammer.
Mass The amount of matter in an object.
Mass number The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Matter Any thing with a mass or volume.
Melting Change from a solid to a liquid.
Metalloid An element that properties that are both metals and nonmetals.
Metals Conducts heat and electricity. Also tends to lose electrons.
Meter The basic unit of length in the metric system.
Molecules The result of atoms combining.
Momentum It depends on how easy or hard it is for something to stop its motion.
Neil Bohr Discovered that electrons orbit around the nucleus of an atom.
Oxygen family The elements in this family have atoms with 6 electrons.
Periods A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table of elements.
Physical changes Needs change in order to be observed.
Physical properties The substance can be observed without change.
Plasma The phase when matter is high in energy.
Protons One of the three subatomic particles. Positively charged.
Quarks Particles that make up the nucleus of an atom.
Neutrons A subatomic particle that is in the nucleus of an atom.
Nitrogen family The elements in this family have atoms with 5 electrons.
Noble gas The elements in this row have atoms with 8 electrons.
Solid The phase where matter has a definite shape and volume.
Soluble Can be dissolved in water.
Sublimation Change from a solid to a gas.
Created by: jleis8
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