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S8P3.a
relationship between velocity and acceleration
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| force | a push or pull exerted on an object in order to change the motion of the object; force has size and direction |
| motion | an object's change in position relative to a reference point |
| reference point | a stationary object that is used to describe an object's motion |
| speed | the distance traveled divided by the time interval during which the motion occurred |
| velocity | the speed of an object in a particular direction |
| acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes over time; an object acceleration if its speed, direction, or both change |
| friction | a force that oppose motion between two surfaces that are in contact |
| net force | the combination of all of the forces acting on an object |
| balanced force | stated when the net forces acting on an object equal zero |
| unbalanced forces | stated when the net force acting on a object not zero |
| inertia | the tendency of an object to resist being moved or, if the object is moving, to resist a change in speed or direction until an outside force acts on the object |
| gravity | a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses |
| work | the transfer of energy to an object by using a force hat causes the object to move in the direction of the force |
| machine | a device that helps do work either by overcoming a force or changing the direction of the applied force |
| inclined plane | a simple machine that is a straight, slanted surface, which facilitates the raising of loads; a ramp |
| wedge | a simple machine that is made up of two inclined planes and that moves; often used for cutting |
| screw | a simple machine machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder |
| lever | a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum |
| pulley | a simple machine that consists of a wheel or which rope, chair, or wire passes |
| wheel and axel | a simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes; the wheel is the large of the two circular objects |