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DNA/RNA Re/Preview

Components of DNA, transcription, translation, genes

TermDefinition
Adenine one of the base pairs, pairs with Thymine
Thymine one of the base pairs, pairs with Adenine
Guanine one of the base pairs, pairs with Cytosine
Cytosine one of the base pairs, pairs with Guanine
Uracil one of the base pairs in RNA ONLY (replacesThymine), pairs with Adenine
Transcription synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
Translation when the sequence of bases of an mRNA strand is converted into the sequence of amino acids of a protein
Polymer molecule composed of 2 or more monomers; makes up biomolecules
Monomer small unit that makes up a polymer (mono + mono = poly)
Synthesis to place/put together; to build or make
DNA also known as Deoxyribonucleic Acid; the double-strand polymer made up of individual nucleotides
Nucleotide the monomer that makes up DNA and RNA
RNA also known as Ribonucleic Acid; the single-strand polymer made up of individual nucleotides
Gene sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait; factor that is passed from parent to offspring
Nitrogen Base a.k.a. Nitrogenous Base or Nitrogen Base Pair or Base Pair. Can be Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, or Guanine (or Uracil in RNA)
Cell smallest unit of life. Can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic
Genetic Information nucleic acids such as DNA or RNA, can be found in all organisms down to the smallest cell, as well as viruses
Nucleus where genetic information such as DNA is found, in eukaryotic cells only
Ribosome cell organelle found throughout the cytoplasm; site of protein synthesis
Protein biomolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON), needed by the body for growth and repair
Gene Regulation the process of controlling which genes in a cell's DNA are expressed (used to make a protein)
Created by: CRRamos
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