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Chemistry Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the study of matter and its changes? | Chemistry |
| What are the building blocks of matter? | Atoms |
| A light, negatively charged particle of the atom is called? | electrons |
| A heavy, positively charged particle of the atom is called? | protons |
| A heavy, neutral (no charge) particle of the atom is called? | neutrons |
| Which particles are found in the nucleus of the atom? | protons and neutrons |
| Which particles are found outside of the nucleus? | electrons |
| Which particles have the most mass? | protons and neutrons |
| What are the first 4 energy levels in an atom called? | K-L-M-N |
| How many electrons can the K energy level hold? | 2 |
| How many electrons can the L energy level hold? | 8 |
| How many ellectrons can the M energy level hold? | 18 |
| How many electrons can the N energy level hold? | 32 |
| What is an ion? | An atom with a positive or negetive charge |
| How does an atom become a positive ion? | loses electrons |
| How does an atom become a negetive ion? | gains electrons |
| What chart arranges elements in order of increasing atomic number? | periodic table of elements |
| What does the atomic number tell us about the atom? | The number of protons & electrons (APE= Atomic # = Protons = Electrons) |
| What does the atomic mass tell us about the atom? | The number of protons and neutrons |
| How do we calculate the number of neutrons in an atom? | Atomic Mass - Atomic # = Neutrons(MAN = Mass - Atomic # = Neutrons) |
| What do we call the verical (up and down) columns of the periodic table? | Groups/Families |
| What do we cann the horizontal (back and forth) rows of the periodic table? | periods |
| What do elements in the same Period have in common? | Same number of energy levels |
| What do elements in the same Group have in common? | Same number of valence electrons |
| What are valence electrons? | Electrons in the atoms outermost energy level, determines reactivity |
| How many valence electrons does an atom need to be stable? | 8 valence electrons OR a full outer energy level |
| What type of elements are shiny solids that are good conductors of heat and electricity? | Metals |
| What do metals do when they form a compound? | Lost electrons |
| What type of elements are brittle solids, liquids and gases that are poor conductors of heat and electricity? | Nonmetals |
| What do nonmetals do when they form compounds? | Gain electrons |
| Which elements seldom react with other elements and are in group 18? | Noble Gases |
| A process by which two or more atoms react to form something new is called a | Chemical Reaction (change) |
| The substance around at the start of a reaction that you are mixing together are the | reactants |
| The substances around at the end of a chemical reaction that are made are the | products |
| What do all chemical reactions need in order to happen? | Change in energy |
| Reactions that absorb energy and form chemical bonds are called | Endothermic |
| Reactions that release energy and break chemical bonds are called | Exothermic |
| What are the four indicators of a chemical reaction? | 1. Formation of a gas2. Formation of a precipitate 3. Change in color4. Change in temperature |
| What do we call a short hand way of writing the name of a substance? | Chemical Formula |
| What does the law of conservation of matter state? | Matter can never be create or destroyed during a chemical reaction |
| How can we change the rate of a chemical reaction? | 1. Increase the surface area2. Increase the temperature3. Increase the concentration |
Created by:
sloanescience
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