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7 CK GENETICS part 1
GENETICS (several units combined) SET 1 COMPLETE
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adenine | fundamental component of DNA that is paired with Thymine |
| Allele | several forms of a gene that is responsible for heredity variations; different forms of a gene ; each member of a gene pair that determines a specific trait |
| Asexual reproduction | form of reproduction that does not involve meiosis and only one “parent” involved: this is an exact replica of the “parent” ; fission, budding, and regeneration – in which a new organism is produced from one parent and has DNA identical to the parent org |
| Codon | a triplet of adjacent nucleotides in the messenger RNA chain |
| Cytosine | a fundamental component of DNA and RNA that forms a base pair with guanine |
| diploid | cell whose chromosomes occur in pairs; a complete set of chromosomes;cells that have 2 copies of each chromosomes: one from mother, one from father |
| DNA | the chemical that makes up genetic material contains genes deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the genetic material of all organisms, made up of two twisted strands of sugar-phosphate molecules and nitrogen bases; nucleic acid that contains the genetic instr |
| DNA Replication | process of copying a double strand DNA in a cell prior to cell division |
| Dominant allele | expresses its phenotypic effect even when heterozygous with a recessive allele; the allele that always shows up if it is present for that gene |
| Double Helix | the spiral arrangement of the 2 complimentary strands of DNA |
| egg | haploid sex cell formed in the female reproductive organs. |
| Evolution | change in the gene pool of a population from generation to generation by such processes as mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift |
| Extraction | the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical, physical or mechanical means fertilization |
| Frequency | the number of periods or regularly occurring events of any given kind in unit of time |
| Gene | basic unit of heredity; segment of DNA on a chromosome that has a code for a specific trait |
| Generation | the offspring of a certain parent or couple, considered as a step in natural descent |
| genetic engineering | the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material |
| genetics | the study of heredity or the passing on of traits from an organism to its offspring |
| Genotype | sum total of genes transmitted from parent to offspring; the allele combination (TT, Tt, tt); gene makeup of an organism |
| Guanine | a fundamental component of DNA and RNA that forms a base pair with cytosine |
| Hair line | the outline of the growth of hair on the head |
| Hair whorl | the particular direction in which your hair “circles” from |
| fertilization | in sexual reproduction, the joining of a sperm and egg |
| haploid cells | cells having only one complete set of chromosomes |
| Gametes (sex cells) | the cells involved in sexual reproduction (contain half of the genetic information of somatic cells) |
| chromosome | DNA molecules in a cell's nucleus twisted into a small rod shape- the genetic material of the cell ; threadlike bodies consisting of chromatin that carry genes in a linear order; genes are carried from parents to offspring by chromosomes. they come in a p |
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artisteacher
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