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Cna 2016 chapter 7

QuestionAnswer
The basic unit of body structure is the Cell
Each cell has the same Basic structure
To live and function cells need Food, water, oxygen
Which part of the cell directs the cell's activities? Nucleus
Where is the nucleus located? At the center of the cell
How many chromosomes are in each cell 46
Which controls inherited traits? Gene
The process of cell division is called Mitosis
Groups of cell with similar functions are Tissue
Allows the body to move by stretching and contracting Muscle tissue
Groups of tissues with the same function form Organs
Systems are Groups of organs that work together to perform special functions.
is the largest body system Integumentary
is the outer layer of skin Epidermis
gives the skin its color Pigments.
Where are blood vessels, nerves, sweat and oil glands, and hair roots found? Dermis
helps the body regulate temperature. Sweat glands
helps keep the hair and skin soft and shiny. Oil glands
What are the functions of the skin? Prevents excessive amounts of water from leaving the body.
The musculoskeletal system does what? Allows the body to move.
bones bear the body's weight. Long
Which part of the bone contains blood vessels that supply bone cells with oxygen? Periosteum
Blood cells are manufactured in the bone marrow.
The point at which two or more bones meet is joints.
Bones are held together at a joint by ligaments.
allow movement Joints
The hips and shoulders are_______ joints ball and socket
What are voluntary muscles? arms and legs muscles
What are fuctions of the muscles? Maintain posture.
Muscles are connected to bone by tendons.
The connective tissue at the end of long bones is called Cartilage
What are the main parts of the brain? Brainstem.
Thoughts and intellegence are centered in the Cerebrum
Damage to the cerebral cortex can affect Reasoning
Regulates and coordinates body movements Cerebellum
The brainstem conatains what structures Pons
Heart rate, breathing, and blood vessel size are controlled by the Medulla
Swallowing, coughing, and vomiting are controlled by the Medulla
Pathways that conduct messages to and from the brain are contained in the Spinal cord
The spinal cord is about____ inches long. 18
The cerebrospinal fluid protects the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system consist of cranial nerves and spinal nerves.
The sympathetic nervous system_____ body fuctions. speeds up
Which system is stimulated when you are excited, exercising, or scared? The sympathetic nervous system
The white of the eye is the Sclera
The opening in the middle of the iris is the Pupil
In bright light, pupil size decreases
Nerve fibers for vision are found in the retina
Light enters the eye through the cornea
Besides hearing another ear fuction is balance
The waxy substance secreated by glands in the ear is Cereumen
Which seperates the external ear and middle ear? tympanic membrane
The tympanic membrane is also called the ear drum
carries messages to the brain. Acoustic nerve
The circulatory system does what? Carries food and water to the cells
The circulatory system pumps Blood
The liquid part of the blood is plasma
gives red blood their color. Hemoglobin
Red blood are bright red when they are saturated with oxygen.
Red blood cell, white blood cells, and platelets are produced by bone marrow.
White blood cells Protect the body against infections.
is the muscular part of the heart Myocardium
Which heart chamber receives blood from body tissues? Right atrium.
Which heart chamber pumps blood to all parts of the body? Left ventricle.
is the working phase of the heart. Systole
carries blood away from the heart. Arteries
is the largest artery. Aorta
Which vessels are involved in passing food and oxygen to the cells? Capillaries.
Which vessels carry blood back to the heart Veins
Which carries blood to the legs and trunk back to the heart? Inferior vena cava
The process of supplying the cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from them is respiration.
Inspiration involves breathing in.
Normally air enters the body through the nose.
Another word for trachea is windpipe.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the aveoli and capillaries.
seperates the lungs from the abdominal cavity Diaphragm
After passing the trachea air enters the right bronchus and left bronchus.
Each lung is covered by a sac called the pleura.
What are the three parts to the framework that protects the lungs? Vertebrae
The process of breaking food down physically and chemically for absorption and use by the body is disgestion.
The digestive system removes solid waste from the body.
What are the parts of the digestive system? Mouth,anus and colon.
The duodenum is a part of the small intestine.
The colon is a part of the large intestine.
Digestion begins in the mouth.
Saliva is secreated in the salivary glands in the mouth.
What is the function of saliva? Moistens food particles for easy swallowing.
Which secreation starts digestion? Saliva.
During swallowing the tongue pushes food into the pharynx.
Food is moved through the esophagus by peristalsis.
The stomach is located in the_____ of the abdominal cavity. upper left part
What is the stomach's function in digestion? Stirs and churns food to break it up into small particles.
Chyme is produced in the stomach.
Bile is a greenish liquid produced by the liver.
Bile is stored in the gallbladder.
Chyme moves through the small and large intestines by peristalsis.
Most food absorption occurs in the small intestine.
The large intestine is also called the colon.
Most of the water is absorbed by chyme in the large intestine.
After water is absorbed from chyme, the remaining semi-solid material is called feces.
The waste product of digestion is pass out of rhe body through the anus.
The urinary system Removes waste products from the blood .
The_____ system maintains the bodys water balance. Urinary
The_____ system includes the urethra. Urinary
Urine is formed in the nephrons.
Urine is stored in the bladder.
The opening at the end of the urethra is the meatus.
The female sex glands are ovaries.
Sperm cells are formed in the testes.
The male hormone is testosterone.
What fluid carries sperm? Semen.
Sperm cells leave the body through urethra.
The penis contains the urethra.
Which part of the male reproductive system enters the female vagina? Penis.
Female sex cells are called ova.
During the reproductive years, female sex cell are released monthly.
The process of releasing a female sex cell is ovulation.
The female sex gland secreate estrogen and progesterone.
Where does a fertilized sex cell grow during pregnancy? Uterus.
Which part of the female reproductive system opens to the outside of the body? Vagina.
External genitalia in the female are the vulva.
The labia majora and the labia minora are folds of tissue on each side of the vagina
Menstruation normally occurs every 28 days.
During menstruation the endometrium is discharged from the body.
Mentrual flow usually last 3-7 days.
Menstual flow is bloody.
The master gland of the body is the pituitary gland.
Growth hormone is secreted by the____ gland pituitary.
Which hormone regulates metabolism thyroid.
Too little thyroid hormone results in slowed body processes.
The adrenal glands are located on top of each kidney.
The adrenal glands secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine.
______ increases heart rate, blood pressure and energy. Epinephrine and norepinephrine
The pancreas secretes insulin.
Which hormone controls the amount of sugar in the blood? Insulin.
The_____ system functions to protect the body against disease and infection. immune
A person has protection from a disease or condition. This is immunity.
An abnormal or unwanted substance is an antigen.
______ produces antibodies. Lymphocytes
Created by: Adayaearp
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