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The central dogma

lecture 7

QuestionAnswer
what is the central dogma of molecular biology DNA codes for RNA which codes for protein
enzyme needed for transcription to make mRNA RNA polymerase
transcripton occurs in the nucleus
translation occurs in the ribosome
the four RNA bases are adenine, uracil, granine and cytosine
the four bases in DNA are Adenine , thymine , granine and cytosine
name the sugar found in DNA Deoxyribose
name of sugar found in DNA Ribose
enzyme used in DNA replication DNA polymerase
a nucleotide consists of a base a sugar and a phosphate
DNA winds around a protein called a histone
many histones clumped together are called a nucleosome
when DNA gets shorter and thicker is is described as supercoiled which means it has wound around itself
During the G1 phase of interphase duplication of organelles occurs
During the S phase of interphase duplication of chromosomes occurs
During the G2 phase of interphase chromosomes are checked for duplication errors
the M phase of the cell cycle is divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
immediately after the M phase this occurs Cytokinesis
during meiosis homologous chromosomes separate first and then sister chromatids separate
Variation is caused by crossing over of genetic material during prophase 1 of meiosis.
the point where homologous cross over is called a synapsis
Created by: MKHealy
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