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Biology Exam #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between and a base? | Acid is anything 0-6 on the pH scale and a base is anything 7-14 |
| What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning? | inductive reasoning- having specific facts coming to a general conclusion deductive reasoning- having general facts coming to a specific conclusion |
| What are the attributes of life? | exhibits movement, achieves growth, reproduces, comes from similar preexisting life, has similar chemical makeup, is composed of cells, responds to stimuli, and requires energy |
| What is the difference between physical change and chemical change? | physical change- when its form change but its chemical makeup is the same chemical change- when its chemical makeup is change (i.e. burning wood) |
| What are the 3 types of bonds? | Ionic, Peptide, and Hydrogen |
| What is Hydrogen bonding? | a weak bond between 1 hydrogen and either 1 nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine bond. prominent in water |
| What is Ionic bonding? | a bond between a positive and negative charge |
| What is Peptide bonding? | a covalent chemical bond linking two consecutive amino acid monomers along a peptide or protein chain. |
| What is glucose? | a simple 6 carbon sugar |
| What are enzymes? | a protein molecule that is produced by living cells to catalyse a specific reaction |
| What do enzymes do? | speed up reactions, tear things down, build things up |
| What are enzymes made up of? | amino acids |
| What is a sterol? | a lipid composed of a carbon backbone with 4 carbon rings and a side chain of carbon atoms |
| What do sterols do? | causes a reaction in your body to start growing |
| What are sterols made up of? | lipids |
| What is Ribose? | a sugar in RNA and Glucose |
| What do Ribose do? | naturally occurring sugar from glucose |
| What are Ribose made up of? | 5 carbon simple sugar |
| What is the difference between mono and disaccharide? | mono- a simple sugar disaccharide- a sugar composed of 2 monosaccharides |
| What do amino groups make up? | amino acids |
| What do amino acids make up? | proteins |
| How many amino acids are there? | 20 |
| What is the basic unit of inheritance? | genes |
| What is a monomer? | a molecule that consist of 1 unit and can combine to make more complex things |
| What is the basic unit for proteins? | amino acids |
| What is the difference between RNA and DNA? | RNA has 1 strand of hydrogen bonds DNA has 2 |
| What are the 3 different types of RNA? | mRNA tRNA and rRNA |
| What microscope allows you to see in 3D? | Scanning electron microscope |
| what is the difference between scanning tunnelling microscope and transmission electron microscope? | SEM lets you see in 3d TEM lets you see 2d TEM transmits electrons on the object SEM scans the object |
| What is cell fraction? | a process to separate different parts of the cell to study a specific organelle |
| What does the smooth er do? | produce sterols and break down toxins |
| What does the Golgi apparatus do? | prepares substances to be recreated by cells |
| What does the cytoskeleton do? | provides structure for the cell |
| What does cilia do? | provide locomotion or move substances over the surface of the cell |
| What does flagellum do? | provide locomotion or move substances over the surface of the cell |
| What do lysosomes do? | breaks down ingested substances, old organelles, and cytoplasmic molecules |
| What does rough er do? | produces proteins |
| What does the mitochondria do? | transforms energy stored into sugars and usable energy |
| What is the difference between saturated and non saturated fat? | non saturated fats are liquid are room temperature and saturated fats are solid at room temperature |
| What are examples are saturated and unsaturated fat? | Saturated-butter Unsaturated-natural peanut butter |
| What is Gap junctions? | The space between cels; use for communication |
| What are the 3 types of tonics? | Hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic |
| What is hypotonic? | net movement of water in the cell |
| What is hypertonic? | net movement of water out side of the cell |
| What is isotonic? | no net movement of water |
| What is the phases of interphase? | G1, Phase and G2 phase |
| What phase do cells spend most of their time in? | Interphase |
| What is cytokinesis? | the cytoplasmic division of a cell in mitosis/meiosis |
| What happens to the light reaction during photosynthesis? | the light dependent reactions use energy from sunlight to produce oxygen and convert ADP and NADP into the energy carriers ATP by NADH |
| What are the products of photosynthesis? | glucose (C6H12O6) and 6 oxygen |
| What organisms do photosynthesis? | plants, algae, |
| What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs? | autotrophs make their own food to gain energy heterotrophs eat autotrophs to gain energy |
| What does the chloroplast do? | Reflect green light, and photosynthesis occurs. |
| What is the stomata? | the wholes on the bottom of the leaf that allows it to do gas exchange |
| What is sub strait level phosphorylation? | ATP is made in the Kreb's cycle |
| What is oxidative phosphorylation? | ATP is made in the ETC cycle |
| What is photo phosphorylation? | ATP is made in photosynthesis |
| What does the light dependent phase use to create ATP? | Photons of light |
| What does the energy come for photosynthesis? | light energy |
| What does the energy come from in the light independent phase? | From the light in the light dependent phase |
| What is in the nucleus of an atom? | Protons and Neutrons |
| What make up tissues? | cells |
| What Community vs Ecosystem? | Ecosystem- all the living and non living parts Community- all the living thing |
| What is biology? | The study of life |
| What is the solute vs solvent? | Solute- the thing that is dissolving the object Solvent- the thing being dissolved |
| Where do acids and base make? | water and salt |
| Do all plants do photosynthesis? | Yes |
| What reactants of photosynthesis? | CO2 and water |
| What do hormones do? | they trigger a response in the body |
| How many total chromosomes are in the body? | 46 |
| What types of respiration do glycolysis? | CAR, Alcohol fermentation, and Lactic Acid |
| What do plants do? | CAR and photosynthesis |
| What do the ETC go through? | multiple proteins |
| What hydrolysis? | using water to split molecules |
| What is dehydration? | taking water out to bring molecules together |
| What do our body use ATP for? | energy |
| What is a catalyst? | an enzyme that speeds up a chemical reaction? |
| Which types of respiration does glycolysis? | all of them |
| What does glucose break down to in Glycolysis? | Puruvate |
| How much ATP is made in each phase? | Glycolysis and Kreb's cycle 2 each ETC 32 |
Created by:
tom15158
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