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Mid-term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of an atomic number? | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; atomic number determines the chemical properties of the atom |
| On the periodic table, the elements are increased by what? | the elements on the periodic table are by increasing atomic numbers. |
| What is the nucleus of an atom made up of? | protons and neutrons |
| How is the atomic mass if the nucleus calculated? | protons+neutrons |
| what is the charge of a proton? | positive |
| what is the charge of a neutron? | neutral or 0 |
| what is the charge of an electron? | negative |
| What is the thickest layer of the earth? | Mantle |
| List the layers of the earth, thickest to thin. | Mantle, outer core, inner core, crust |
| Why does the crust of the earth float on the mantle? | The crust floats on the mantle because it is less dense |
| What is the composition of earth's crust? | earth’s surface and continental/oceanic plates; where we live |
| What is the composition of earth's mantle? | Molten rock |
| What is the composition of earth's outer core? | liquid nickel and iron |
| What is the composition of earth's inner core? | solid nickel and iron |
| What are the two classification system scientists use to describe earth's interior? | compositional (materials that make up each layer) and physical (state of matter and temperature of each layer). |
| What are the four earth systems? | Geosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere Biosphere |
| What makes up the Geosphere? | Earth’s surface and interior |
| What makes up the hydrosphere? | all water on Earth |
| What makes up the atmosphere? | layer of gasses around Earth |
| What makes up the biosphere? | all living things on Earth |
| How do geologists know about Earth's interior? | Because of seismic waves |
| What is mechanical weathering? | physical break down |
| What are some examples of mechanical weathering? | roots breaking rock, water freezing and expanding to break rock |
| What is chemical weathering? | chemically breaks down/changes the substance |
| What are some examples of chemical weathering? | acidic water dissolving rock |
| What is erosion? | Transport of weathered material |
| Examples of erosion. | carving a canyon by running water, formation of underground caverns by water, landslide |
| Layers of soil are called... | horizons |
| What makes up soil? | water, air, bacteria, humus, rock |
| How does the parent material of soil decide the minerals? | The rock in the parent material decides it. |
| What is the difference between minerals and rocks? | minerals are made of crystals, rocks are made of minerals |
| What are the mineral characteristics? | hardness, luster, color, streak, cleavage/fracture, density |
| How is an igneous rock formed? | when magma/lava cools and hardens |
| How is an metamorphic rock formed? | through heat and pressure |
| How is a sedimentary rock formed? | formed through weathering/erosion and then compaction/cementation |
| What does a topographic map show? | elevation |
| When contour lines on a topographic map are close by each other, that means... | there is steep elevation |
Created by:
LovelyyBRJ
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