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Sem II Life Final

Sem. II Life Final - Life Science Final Ch. 7-15 Spring 2010

QuestionAnswer
Bacteria mutate into strains that are not affected by certain types of drug treatment... Antibiotic Resistance
Solution made from dead viruses that is used to prevent viral diseases... Vaccine
Change nitrogen from the air into forms that can be used by plants and animals... Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
Bacteria which are producers are... Cyanobacteria
Organisms that use oxygen for respiration... Aerobes
Organisms that do not need oxygen present for life... Anaerobes
Organisms that uses dead material as a food and energy source... Saprophyte
Any organisms that causes diseases... Pathogen
Poisons produced by disease-causing organisms... Toxins
Heat resistant, thick capsules covering some bacteria... Endospore
Plantlike protists... Algae
A footlike cytoplasmic extension... Pseudopod
Threadlike structures extending from the cell membrane of Paramecia... Cilia
Reproductive cell of fungi... Spore
Sacs of reproductive cells of yeasts, morels, truffles, and other sac fungi... Asci
Form of reproduction used by yeasts in which the organisms grows off the side of parent.. Budding
Structure in club fungi holding reproductive cells... Basidium
Organisms made of fungus and green algae or a cyanobacteria... Lichen
Threadlike tubes that make up a fungus... Hyphae
Population explosion of dinoflagellates... Red Tide
Composes the cell walls of plants... Cellulose
Waxy layer on stems and leaves... Cuticle
Plants with tube-like system of vessels... Vascular plants
Rootlike filament that holds a moss in place... Rhizoid
Underground stem of a fern... Rhizome
Leaf of a fern... Frond
Spore-producing structures on the underside of fern fronds... Sori
Name given to the first plants to grow in new environments... Pioneer Species
Poorly drained areas with spongy, wet ground that is composed mainly of dead/decaying plants... Bogs
A capsule in which spores are produced by meiosis... Sporophyte
Vascular plants with no flowers or fruit... Gymnosperms
Vascular plants with flowers... Angiosperms
Flowering plants with two cotyledons in their seeds... Dicots
Flowering plants with one cotyledon in their seeds... Monocots
Person who studies the relationships between people of various cultures and the plants they use... Ethnobotanist
Tissue that moves food from leaves to other plant parts... Phloem
Tissue that produces new xylem and phloem cells... Cambium
The swollen base of the pistil in angiosperms, where eggs are produced... Ovary
In a plant leave, cells that surround the stomata to open and close them... Guard Cells
Plant processes using light energy to produce food... Photosynthesis
Anything in environment affecting the behavior of an organism... Stimulus
Response of a plant to a stimulus... Tropism
Flowering response of a plant to changes in length of light and dark in a day... Phototropism
Plants requiring long nights to flower... Short-day plants
Plants that flower over a wide range of night lengths... Day-neutral plants
Plant hormone that moves to the shaded side of the stem, pushing the flower towards the light... Auxin
Releasing energy from food... Respiration
Plants improved through the insertion of DNA from another plant species... Transgenic Crop
Movement of DNA directly from one organisms to another... Biotechnology
Animals without a backbone... Invertebrate
Body parts arranged in a circle like a wheel hub... Radial symmetry
Remains attached to one place for life span.. Sessile
Located on inside of sponge; helps water movement... Collar Cells
Replacing body parts... Regeneration
Animals that produce both sperm and eggs... Hermaphrodites
Young organisms... Larva
Body plan that is shaped like a tube or vase... Polyp
Body plan that is bell-shaped... Medusa
Young worm with a protective covering... Cyst
Blood containing food and oxygen is contained and transported in a series of vessels... Closed Circulatory System
Cephalopods use incurrent and excurrent siphons for... Jet Propulsion
Class of mollusks with the most specialized and complex members... Cephalopods
Largest class of mollusks which includes snails, slugs, and conches... Gastropods
Mollusks that have a two-part shell joined by a hinge... Bivalves
Muscular structure that grinds soil... Gizzard
Organisms without a backbone... Invertebrates
Sac used for temporary food storage in earthworms... Crop
Soft bodied invertebrates that usually have shells... Mollusks
Tongue-like organ with rows of teeth that works like a file... Radula
Invertebrates with jointed appendages... Arthropods
Outer-covering made of chitin... Exoskeleton
Shedding of the exoskeleton... Molting
Largest class of arthropods... Insects
Changes some animals go through to become adults... Metamorphosis
Spiny-skinned invertebrates living on the ocean bottom... Echinoderms
Organisms without a backbone... Invertebrates
Appendages that act like suction cups... Tube Feet
Class that spiders and scorpions belong to... Arachnida
Have mandibles (jaws).. Crustaceans
Bacilli are bacteria that have a _________ shape Rod
Bacteria that have a spherical shape are called _________ Cocci
Bacteria and other organisms can live without oxygen Anaerobes
Bacteria that are saprophytes use _________ as a food and energy source Dead Material
A process of the food industry that is used to kill harmful bacteria is _________ Pasteurization
One reason tuberculosis has made a comeback is because the bacteria that causes the disease has developed _________ Antibiotic Resistance
Two foods that are made using helpful bacteria are... Sauerkraut and Cheeses
Monerans never have... Membrane-Bound Organelles
Monerans are... Eukaryotic
Thick walls around some bacteria... Endospores
Most bacteria reproduce by... Fission
Common name for cyanobacteria is ___________ algae Blue-Green
Helpful bacteria can help clean up ________ Soils
It is estimated that nitrogen-fixing bacteria save farmers several million dollars in _________ costs each year Fertilizer
An antibiotic is a drug used to kill _________ Bacteria
Eukaryotic organisms that are plantlike, animallike, of funguslike belong to the _________ kingdom... Protist
_________ are hypothesized to be the ancestors of animals... Protozoans
The most numerous of all the algae are _________ Diatoms
Red tides are caused by _________ Dinoflagellates
In the phylum Rhodophyta, __________ pigments absorb light up to 175 meters deep Red
_________ move about and feed using footlike extensions of cytoplasm Sarcodines
Flagellates are beneficial to termites because they __________ Help Digest Food
_____________ are short, oar like structures extending from cell membranes Cilia
The cells of slime mold reproduce the same way __________ do Fungi
The phylum sporozoa contains only small, ________ protozoan Parasitic
The body of a fungus is usually a mass of threadlike tubes called __________ Hyphae
The cell walls of the threadlike tubes of a fungus are made of __________ Chitin
Zygote fungi produce reproductive cells in cases called _____________ Sporangia
Scientist think that plants evolved directly from the ___________ kingdom Protista
Mosses and Liverworts are examples of _____________ Bryophytes
Nonvascular plants lack... Vascular Tissue
First plants to grow in a new environment are _____________ Liverworts and Mosses
A seed is the reproductive part of a plant that contains a plant __________ Embryo
The oldest trees alive today are ___________ Gymnosperms
__________ tissue is made up of tubular vessels that transport water and minerals up from the roots throughout the plant Xylem
The major function of leaves is to _______ Make food
Small pores in the leaf surface are called _________ Stomata
The cells of the _________ have chloroplasts filled with chlorophyll Palisade Layer
The embryo has a supply of stored food called the _________ Endosperm
__________ signals a seed to begin growth Water
Seed plants do not have... Rhizoids
Male reproductive organ of the flower... Stamen
Stalk of male reproductive organ... Filament
Forms the pollen grains... Anther
Female reproductive organ of the flower... Pistil
Sticky area where pollen grain lands... Stigma
Stalk of female reproductive area... Style
Forms the ovules... Ovary
Most carbon dioxide enters plants through stomata on the _______________ of leaves Lower Surface
Light, ________ and carbon dioxide all affect the opening and closing of stomata Water
When you eat beets, _______ or potatoes you are eating foods stored by the plants Carrots
The type of growth response having to do with light is called ___________ Phototropism
_________ causes fruit to ripen Ethylene Gas
A vertebrate is defined as having a(n) __________ Backbone
An animal with _______ has its body parts arranged in the same way on both sides of its body Bilateral symmetry
Early scientists classified sponges as _________ Plants
Most sponges have __________ Asymmetrical form
The body of a sponge is covered with many small openings called _________ Pores
Their __________ help sponges to filter feed Collar Cells
The bodies of many sponges contain sharp structures called _________ Spicules
Sponges reproduce_________ Asexually and Sexually
Most cnidarians live in ________ Oceans
All cnidarians have _________ Radial symmetry
Tapeworms lack ___________ Digestive System
Heartworm is a disease in dogs caused by _________ Roundworms
Like simple worms, mollusks have a body plan with... Bilateral Symmetry
A system with blood not contained within vessels... Open Circulatory System
Gastropods have a ____________, a tongue-like organ that works like a file Radula
The class of mollusks with the most specialized members are the ... Cephalopods
Segmented worms have bristle-like structures called _______ to help them move Setae
Like mollusks, segmented worms have a ... Body cavity
A(n) ___________ resembling a spinning top with cilia in the middle is the best evidence that mollusks and segmented worms share a common ancestor... Larva
The equivalent to a "sliver", oysters and some clams form a ___________ in order to protect their soft bodies Pearl
_____________ are an example of an appendage Claws
Covers, supports, and protects the arthropod's body with a nonliving material Exoskeleton
Unlike other arthropods, arachnids have _______ legs 8
__________ make up the largest group of complex invertebrates Insects
Structures echinoderms use ___________ to move and open mollusk shells... Tube feet
___________ body parts are replaced by generation Starfish
Between a millipede and a centipede, the _____________ doesn't sting or poison it's food Millipede
To put similar organisms in groups Classify
The science of grouping and naming organisms Taxonomy
The largest of the classification categories Kingdom
The two name system of classification Binomial Nomenclature
A group made up of all the orders of similar species Class
Smallest, most specific classification category Species
The great variety of plant and animal species on earth Species diversity
Tool to help identify an organisms scientific name Dichotomous key
Created by: SavannahElkins
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