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Unit 2 Review
Review for 7Sci IA2 - cells, organelles, respiration, photosynthesis, mitosis
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Testable question | A question that is factual, quantifiable (has numbers), and can be answered with a scientific experiment |
Independent variable | Variable that's manipulated or changed by the scientist |
Dependent variable | Variable that is measured for the results of the experiment |
Constant | Things that need to stay the same in an experiment You should only change one thing |
Control group | The group that doesn't receive the independent variable and is used for comparison Either normal, 0, or none |
Experimental group | The groups that receive the independent variable |
Cell | Smallest unit of life Make up all living things |
Organelle | Small structures that carry out specific functions/jobs in the cell |
Nucleus | Control center of plant and animal cells Contains genes/DNA |
DNA | Genetic material that contains instructions for a cell/organism |
Cell membrane | Outer boundary that controls what can enter and exit a cell |
Cytoplasm | Fluid that fills the cell Organelles float around here |
Unicellular | A living thing that's made of one cell |
Multicellular | Living thing made of many cells |
Vacuole | Stores waste and water for the cell |
Chloroplast | Organelle that makes food for plant cells Uses sun energy to make glucose/sugar |
Cell Wall | Rigid outer layer that provides support and structure for plant and bacteria cells |
Mitochondria | Organelle that breaks down glucose/sugar to create ATP energy for the cell |
Golgi apparatus | Packages and ships proteins for the cell |
Ribosomes | Make proteins for the cell |
Photosynthesis | Process where plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food (glucose) Takes place in chloroplasts |
Cellular respiration | Process where cells break down food/glucose to create ATP energy |
Microscope | Tool used to view super small objects like cells |
Animal cells | Usually round No cell wall or chloroplasts |
Plant cells | Typically square/rectangle Contain a cell wall and chloroplasts |