a fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found.

the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct.

Geology. a basic law of geochronology, stating that in any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer is on top and the oldest on bottom, each layer being younger than the one beneath it and older than the one above it. law of s

a surface of contact between two groups of unconformable strata.

divergent plate boundary in Science Expand. divergent plate boundary.) A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other and new crust is forming from magma that rises to the Earth's surface between the two plates.

convergent plate boundary in Science Expand. convergent plate boundary. A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving toward each other. If the two plates are of equal density, they usually push up against each other, forming a mountain chain.

Synonym Discussion of transform. transform, metamorphose, transmute, convert, transmogrify, transfigure mean to change a thing into a different thing. transform implies a major change in form, nature, or function <transformed a small company into a corpor

In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock mass movement.

a theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithosphere plates that move slowly over the underlying mantle.

Continental drift was a theory that explained how continents shift position on Earth's surface. Set forth in 1912 by Alfred Wegener, a geophysicist and meteorologist, continental drift also explained why look-alike animal and plant fossils, and similar ro

Absolute age is the true age of a rock or fossil. Absolute age tells scientists the number of years ago a rock layer formed. What is meant by absolute. age? Radioactive elements give off particles and energy which causes the elements to decay.

Relative dating is the science of determining the relative order of past events (i.e., the age of an object in comparison to another), without necessarily determining their absolute age, (i.e. estimated age).

For example, the half-life of a radioactive substance is the amount of time it takes for half of its atoms to decay, and the half-life of a drug is the amount of time it takes before half of the active elements are either eliminated or broken down by the

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Earth's History

Term	Definition
Index Fossils	a fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found.
Lithosphere	the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
Extinction	the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct.
Law of Superposition	Geology. a basic law of geochronology, stating that in any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer is on top and the oldest on bottom, each layer being younger than the one beneath it and older than the one above it. law of s
Unconformities	a surface of contact between two groups of unconformable strata.
Divergent	divergent plate boundary in Science Expand. divergent plate boundary.) A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving away from each other and new crust is forming from magma that rises to the Earth's surface between the two plates.
Convergent	convergent plate boundary in Science Expand. convergent plate boundary. A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving toward each other. If the two plates are of equal density, they usually push up against each other, forming a mountain chain.
Transform	Synonym Discussion of transform. transform, metamorphose, transmute, convert, transmogrify, transfigure mean to change a thing into a different thing. transform implies a major change in form, nature, or function <transformed a small company into a corpor
Faults	In geology, a fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock mass movement.
Plate Tectonics	a theory explaining the structure of the earth's crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithosphere plates that move slowly over the underlying mantle.
Continental Drift	Continental drift was a theory that explained how continents shift position on Earth's surface. Set forth in 1912 by Alfred Wegener, a geophysicist and meteorologist, continental drift also explained why look-alike animal and plant fossils, and similar ro
Absolute Age	Absolute age is the true age of a rock or fossil. Absolute age tells scientists the number of years ago a rock layer formed. What is meant by absolute. age? Radioactive elements give off particles and energy which causes the elements to decay.
Relative Age	Relative dating is the science of determining the relative order of past events (i.e., the age of an object in comparison to another), without necessarily determining their absolute age, (i.e. estimated age).
Half-Life	For example, the half-life of a radioactive substance is the amount of time it takes for half of its atoms to decay, and the half-life of a drug is the amount of time it takes before half of the active elements are either eliminated or broken down by the

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