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Cancer and Mitosis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How does cell division differ between a normal cell and a cancerous cell? | Cancer cells do not follow any signals given by proto-oncogenes and will divide at any time. |
| What is the cause of cancer? (scientific) | Changes in DNA |
| During what part of a cells life does damage occur to cause cancer? | G1 |
| What is an oncogene? What is their source? | Oncogenes are genes responsible for making cells divide. Their source is proto-oncogenes |
| What is a tumor suppressor gene? | A tumor suppressor gene stops cell division. |
| What is angiogenesis? | Angiogenesis is the process which tumors trick the body to provide them with nutrients and increase the blood levels. |
| What is metastasis? | Metastasis is the movement of the tumor cells throughout the body |
| What is apoptosis? | Apoptosis is cell suicide |
| What are some factors that can result in cancer? (Causes) | Chemicals (smoking), family history, radiation, UV Light |
| What happens when damage occurs to the genes that regulate the cell cycle? | Tumor suppressors stop working and cell division becomes uncontrollable. |
| What happens in the G1 phase? | Growth |
| What happens in the S phase? | Copies DNA |
| What happens in the G2 phase? | Prepares for Chromosome seperation |
| What do centrosomes create? | Centrosomes create spindle fibers |
| What do spindle fibers do? | Spindle fibers help guide the chromosomes to the poles of the cell |
| What happens to DNA in prophase? | DNA Condenses into chromosomes |
| What is DNA in loose strands called? | DNA in loose strands is called chromatin |
| Where do centrosomes move to in prophase? | Centrosomes move farther away from each other in prophase |
| Where are chromosomes in metaphase? | Center of the cell |
| Where are chromosomes in anaphase? | Chromosomes have just seperate at the centromere |
| Where are chromosomes in telophase? | Chromosomes are at the poles of the cell |
| What kind of organism uses binary fission? | Bacteria |
| A or S: 1 Organism | Asexual |
| A or S: No moving | Asexual |
| A or S: Less energy required | Asexual |
| A or S: Genetic Variation | Sexual |
| A or S: Lots of energy required | Sexual |
| A or S: 2 Organisms | Sexual |
| A or S: Adaptable | Sexual |
| A or S: Cannot be wiped out by single disease | Sexual |
| A or S: Several months | Sexual |
| A or S: Quick | Asexual |
| What type of organisms do asexual reproduction? | Plants and unicellular organisms |
| What type of organisms do sexual reproduction? | Mammals and fish |
| What does bacteria do before it divides? | Makes copy of its DNA |
| What is fragmentation? | An organism splits into pieces and each piece develops into a new organism |
| What organisms use fragmentations? | Worms, starfish |
| What is budding? | An organism forms a growth that develops into a new organism and then breaks off |
| What organisms use budding? | Jellyfish |
| What type of organisms uses sporulation? | Mushrooms |
| What causes sexual reproduction in fungi? | Adverse Conditions (bad) |
| What is an alteration in a gene called? | Mutation |
Created by:
220ccarmody
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