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exam 1 definitions

exam 1 defntons

TermDefinition
insolation incoming solar radiation total solar radiation energy received on given surface area during given time
albedo percent of insolation reflected
evapotranspiration plant transpiration and sum of evaporation from earth's surfaces
global radiation balance balance between incoming shortwave radiation from sun and outgoing longwave radiation from earth
latent heat released when substance changes state
sensible heat heat we can sense and feel
hydrosphere water in all its forms
lithosphere structural rock foundations on planet's surface
biosphere earth's living plants and organisms
atmosphere composed of gases that envelop and protect the planet
IPCC 800+ scientists who study climate change by amassing data
aphelion when earth is the furthest from the sun
periphelion earth is closest to sun
longitude horizontal lines
latitiude vertical lines
circle of illumination divides shadowed and lit hemisphere
solarday defined by one complete rotation
solarnoon time of highest solar angle
sextant device used to find latitude
subsolar point point when direct solar rays are 90 degrees
equinox subsolar point @ equator causing 12 hour day and night everywhere
polar projection map size decreases with latitude
mercator projection map scale increases with latitude longitude lines become parallel and straight
goode projection sizes are correct and the shapes are distorted
GIS computer system of collection storage analysis and display of spatial data
axial tilt earths axis tilted relative to orbital plane 23.5 degrees
GPS geometrically determines location
International Dateline line from N to S pole showing change in calendar day 180th meridian go west its the next day
earths rotation 360 degrees
plane of the ecliptic inclined at 23.5 degrees
royal observatory location of prime meridian
prime meridian where longitude is 0 degrees
parallelism earths axis remains parallel as it revolves around the sun
solstice equal 12 hour day and night at equator
electromagnetic radiation emittes as collection of wavelengths
shortwave radiation emitted by hot sun
longwave radiation emitted by cooler earth
world latitude zones based on: insolation variation in day length seasonal variability
equatorial 0 to 10
tropical 10 to 25
subtropical 25 to 35
midlatitude 35 to 55
subartic 55 to 60
artic 60 to 75
polar 75 to 90
snowball earth theory albedo idea that earth was once giant frozen ball reflecting energy from the sun
tropospheric composition nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide
counter radiation long wave radiation from earth is absorbed into earth
scattering direction of radiation scattered by atmospheric particles
absorption radiaation absorbed into gas liquid or solid and heats up
effects of clouds clouds make planet cooler by absorbing radiation clouds make planet warmer by trapping heat in atmosphere
isobars lines of equal temperature on a weather map
Created by: 1738400229818217
Popular Geography sets

 

 



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