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Alkalosis/Acidosis
Accumulative final review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ABG ranges | ph 7.35 - 7.45, PaCO2 35-45, HCO3 22-26, SaO2 95-100% |
| Types of Acidosis | Respiratory and Metabolic Acidosis |
| Respiratory Acidosis results from: | Acidic pH & CO2 |
| Metabolic Acidosis results from: | Acidic pH & HCO3 |
| Types of Alkalosis | Respiratory and Metabolic Alkalosis |
| HYPERventilation caused by: | Anxiety, high altitudes, pregnancy, fever, hypoxia, intial stages of PE |
| HYPOventilation caused by: | Drug overdose, pulmonary edema, respiratory acidosis, airway obstruction, COPD, chest trauma, neuromuscular disease |
| Respiratory alkalosis results from | Base pH & CO2 |
| Metabolic alkalosis results from | Base pH & HCO3 |
| Metabolic Alkalosis caused by: | Loss of gastric juices, K+ wasting diuretics, overuse of antacids |
| Respiratory alkalosis is caused by: | Hyperventilation, anxiety, PE, fear, mechanical ventilation |
| Sx of Metabolic Acidosis | Headache, decreased B/P, hyperkalemia, muscle twitching, warm/flushed skin, n/v/d, confusion, drowsiness |
| Metabolic Acidosis is caused by: | Shock, sepsis, severe diarrhea, renal failure, salicylate OD, DKA |
| Sx of Metabolic Alkalosis | Restlessness, dysrhythmias, compensatory hypoventilation, confusion, dizzy, irritable, n/v/d, tremors, muscle cramps, tingling of fingers and toes, hypokalemia |
| Sx of Respiratory Acidosis | Hypoventilation leading to hypoxia, rapid/shallow respirations, low B/P w/ vasodilation, dyspnea, headache, hyperkalemia, dysrhythmias, drowsiness, dizziness, disorientation, muscle weakness, hyperreflexia |
| Respiratory Acidosis caused by | Low resp. stimuli (anesthesia, drug OD, COPD, pneumonia, atelectasis |
| Sx of Respiratory Alkalosis | Seizures, deep/rapid breaths, hyperventilation, tachycardia, low or normal B/P, hypokalemia, numbness/tingling, lethargy, confusion, light headedness, n/v |
Created by:
daydreamer67
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