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Science

QuestionAnswer
Astronomy, the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole.
Big Bang Theory, a theory in astronomy: the universe originated billions of years ago in an explosion from a single point of nearly infinite energy density — compare steady state theory.
Doppler Shift a change in frequency due to the Doppler effect.
, Red Shift, the displacement of spectral lines toward longer wavelengths (the red end of the spectrum) in radiation from distant galaxies and celestial objects.
Blue Shift, the displacement of the spectrum to shorter wavelengths in the light coming from distant celestial objects moving toward the observer.
, Red giant, a very large star of high luminosity and low surface temperature. Red giants are thought to be in a late stage of evolution when no hydrogen remains in the core to fuel nuclear fusion.
Frequency, the rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time or in a given sample.
White dwarf, a small very dense star that is typically the size of a planet. A white dwarf is formed when a low-mass star has exhausted all its central nuclear fuel and lost its outer layers as a planetary nebula.
Nova a star showing a sudden large increase in brightness and then slowly returning to its original state over a few months.
, Neutron star, a celestial object of very small radius (typically 18 miles/30 km) and very high density, composed predominantly of closely packed neutrons.
Pulsar, a celestial object, thought to be a rapidly rotating neutron star, that emits regular pulses of radio waves and other electromagnetic radiation at rates of up to one thousand pulses per second.
Black Hole, a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape.
Constellations, a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern that is traditionally named after its apparent form or identified with a mythological figure.
Absolute Brightness (magnitude), the measure of intrinsic brightness of a celestial object. It is the hypothetical apparent magnitude of an object at a standard distance of exactly 10 parsecs (32.6 light years) from the observer, assuming no astronomical extinction of starlight.
Apparent Brightness (magnitude), The brighter an object appears, the lower its magnitude value (i.e. inverse relation).
Cosmic Microwave Background, thermal radiation left over from the time of recombination in Big Bang cosmology
Universe, all existing matter and space considered as a whole; the cosmos
Galaxy , a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction.
Solar System, the collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit around the sun, together with smaller bodies in the form of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets.
Star . a fixed luminous point in the night sky that is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun.
Electromagnetic Spectrum, the range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends.
AU- Astronomical Unit, is a unit of length, roughly the distance from Earth to the Sun.
Solar Nebula, describes the formation of our solar system from a nebula cloud made from a collection of dust and gas. It is believed that the sun, planets, moons, and asteroids were formed around the same time around 4.5 billion years ago from a nebula.
Gas giant , a large planet of relatively low density consisting predominantly of hydrogen and helium, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune.
Nuclear fusion, a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy.
Convective zone region of turbulent plasma between a star's core and its visible photosphere at the surface, through which energy is transferred by convection.
, Photosphere the luminous envelope of a star from which its light and heat radiate.
Created by: Jarvis2244
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