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Saul O., A1, ESPS
| Big bang | |
| Astronomy | the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole. |
| Doppler Shift | a change in frequency due to the Doppler effect. |
| Red Shift | the displacement of spectral lines toward longer wavelengths (the red end of the spectrum) in radiation from distant galaxies and celestial objects |
| Blue Shift | the displacement of the spectrum to shorter wavelengths in the light coming from distant celestial objects moving toward the observer. |
| Frequency | the rate at which a vibration occurs that constitutes a wave, either in a material (as in sound waves), or in an electromagnetic field (as in radio waves and light), usually measured per second. |
| Wavelength | the distance between successive crests of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave. |
| Absolute Brightness (magnitude) | the measure of intrinsic brightness of a celestial object. It is the hypothetical apparent magnitude of an object at a standard distance of exactly 10 parsecs (32.6 light years) from the observer, assuming no astronomical extinction of starlight. |
| Apparent Brightness (magnitude) | a measure of its brightness as seen by an observer on Earth. ... The Sun, at apparent magnitude of −27, is the brightest object in the sky. It is adjusted to the value it would have in the absence of the atmosphere. |
| Cosmic Microwave Background | the thermal radiation left over from the time of recombination in Big Bang cosmology. |
| Universe | all existing matter and space considered as a whole |
| Galaxy | a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction. |
| Solar System | the collection of eight planets and their moons in orbit around the sun, together with smaller bodies in the form of asteroids, meteoroids, and comets. |
| Star | a fixed luminous point in the night sky that is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun. |
| Planet | a celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star. |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | the range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic radiation extends. |
| AU- Astronomical Unit | An Astronomical Unit is the mean distance between the Earth and the Sun at 8 million kilometers |
| Solar Nebula | a nebula cloud made from a collection of dust and gas. It is believed that the sun, planets, moons, and asteroids were formed around |
| Gas giant | a large planet of relatively low density consisting predominantly of hydrogen and helium, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune. |
| Nuclear fusion | a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy. |
| Convective zone | A region of turbulent plasma between a star's core and its visible photosphere at the surface |
| Photosphere | the luminous envelope of a star from which its light and heat radiate. |
| Chromosphere | a reddish gaseous layer immediately above the photosphere of the sun or another star. Together with the corona, it constitutes the star's outer atmosphere. |
| Corona | the rarefied gaseous envelope of the sun and other stars. The sun's corona is normally visible only during a total solar eclipse when it is seen as an irregularly shaped pearly glow surrounding the darkened disk of the moon. |
| Sunspot | a spot or patch appearing from time to time on the sun's surface, appearing dark by contrast with its surroundings. |
| Prominence | the fact or condition of standing out from something by physically projecting or being particularly noticeable. |
| Solar Flare | a brief eruption of intense high-energy radiation from the sun's surface, |
| Coronal mass ejection | A coronal mass ejection (CME) is an unusually large release of plasma and magnetic field from the solar corona |
| Light year | a unit of astronomical distance equivalent to the distance that light travels in one year, which is 9.4607 × 1012 km (nearly 6 trillion miles) |
| Parallax | the effect whereby the position or direction of an object appears to differ when viewed from different positions |
| Main Sequence | a series of star types to which most stars belong, represented on a Hertzsprung–Russell diagram as a continuous band extending from the upper left (hot, bright stars) to the lower right (cool, dim stars). |
| HR Diagram | The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, abbreviated H–R diagram or HRD, is a scatter graph of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosities versus their spectral classifications or effective temperatures. |
Created by:
Saul_Osorio
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