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Cell Division
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why do cells divide ? | to grow, reproduce and repair |
| First phase of cell division? | interphase |
| G1, | cell grows |
| S | DNA copies itself |
| G2 | organelles are copied |
| Mitosis stages | Prophase, Metaphase , Anaphase , Telophase/ Cytokinesis |
| Prophase (mitosis | first phase of mitosis , DNA forms into chromosomes |
| Metaphase (mitosis | chromosomes line up |
| Anaphase (mitosis | chromosomes separate |
| Telophase | spindle fibers disappear |
| Cytokinesis | cytoplasm is divided |
| What cells does mitosis make ? | gamete cells |
| Meiosis will make how many unique daughter cells? | 4 |
| Nondisjunction | the uneven distribution of chromosomes |
| Down syndrome has an extra what chromosome ?? | 21 |
| How many daughter cells does meiosis make ?? | 4 |
| How many rounds does meiosis have?? | 2 |
| Chromatin | noodle |
| Chromatid | condensed up |
| sister chromatids | duplicated strands of DNA |
| homologous pairs | 2 pair of chromosomes that code for the same gene |
| tetrad | 2 homologous chromosomes together |
| diploid | two sets of chromosomes |
| haploid | single set of chromosomes |
| gamete cell | sex cell |
| somatic cell | body cells |
| meiosis | produces sex cells |
| mitosis | produces body cells |
| meiosis | PMAT |
| Interphase | stage of cycle with no division |
| Prophase 1 | crossing over takes place |
| Metaphase 1 | homologous chromosomes line up |
| Anaphase 1 | homologous chromosomes separate |
| Telophase 1 | results in 2 haploid cells |
| Prophase 2 | nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle fibers form |
| Metaphase 2 | chromosomes line up in singles in the center |
| Anaphase 2 | sister chromatids separate |
| Telophase 2 | results in 4 haploid cells |
| binary fission | process in which prokaryotic cells divide |
| missing extra chromosomes | causes disorders like cancer |