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ct_Science_Unit_6
Science Unit 6 - Flash Cards - Genetics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Genetics | Study of how traits are inherited |
Chromosome | Structures in a cell's nucleus that are made of DNA (genetic material) |
Trait | A distinguishing characteristic or quality; eye color, face shape |
Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
Asexual Reproduction | A type of reproduction (regeneration, budding, binary fission, vegetative propagation) in which a new organism is produced by 1 parent with identical DNA to the parent |
Budding | A type of asexual reproduction that produces a bud that breaks away from the organism to live on its own |
Regeneration | A type of asexual reproduction, uses cell division to re-grow body parts |
Binary Fission | An organism splitting, making two identical organisms |
Vegetative Propagation | The ability of plants to reproduce by producing new plants from existing vegetative structures |
Offspring | Children or young of a particular parent, descendent |
Sexual Reproduction | A type of reproduction in which 2 parents form a unique offspring |
Homozygous | 2 alleles in a gene pair are the SAME for a particular trait |
Heterozygous | 2 alleles in a gene pair are the different for a particular trait |
Recessive | Describes a trait that is often covered up, is only seen when both alleles in a gene pair are recessive |
Dominant | Describes a trait that is always seen anytime it is present in a gene pair |
Hybrid | Another name of heterozygous, alleles for a trait are different |
Purebred | Another name for homozygous, alleles for a trait are the same |
Genotype | An organisms genetic makeup, or alleles for a trait |
Phenotype | Physical appearance and behavior or an organism because of the genes it has |
Punnett Square | A tool used to predict probability of certain traits in offspring |