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Bio Cell Organelles
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Cells | The basic unit of structure & function in all living things. |
Organelles | Tiny structures inside a cell that carry out specific functions within a cell |
Nucleus | The information center.The “brain” of the cell.Contains the chromatin. |
Chromatin | Material in cells that contains DNA and carries genetic information. It directs the functions of a cell. |
Nuclear membrane (Nuclear Envelope) | It surrounds & protects the nucleus. |
Nucleolus | Found inside the nucleus. It makes ribosomes. |
Ribosomes | The site where proteins are made |
Golgi body | The cell’s “mailroom”. They receive proteins and package them and distribute them to other parts of the cell. |
Endoplasmic Reticulum | Passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.(rough with ribosomes/smooth without |
Mitochondria | Energy suppliers of the cell.They release energy(ATP) stored in food.Cells that need more energy have more mitochondria. |
Lysosome | Small round structures that contain chemicals to break down food & waste.The recycling centers of the cell. They “clean” the cell. |
Vacuoles | The storage rooms of the cell.Mostly contain water and food. Very large in plants. |
Cell Membrane (plasma biolgical,plasma membrane, biological membrane) | A protective barrier that surrounds a cell. It regulates what substances enter and leave the cell; semi-permeable |
Cytoplasm | A gel-like substance found between the nucleus and cell membrane. |
Cell Wall | Only in Plants!It is like a “skeleton”. It is made of a non-living material called cellulose.It supports and protects. |
Chloroplast | Only found in plants!This is where photosynthesis happens.They contain a green pigment called chlorophyll.(Light E->chemical glucose E) |
Chlorophyll | Captures sunlight energy and uses it to make carbohydrates (food) for the cell. |
Centriole | related to the formation of spindle during mitosis(cell division) |