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Deuterostomes
intro to animals- deuterostomes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Deuterostomes | mouth forms at opposite end of blastophore (anus) |
| is a characteristic of deuterostomes | triploblastic |
| is a characteristic of deuterostomes | Coelomate with internal skeletons |
| Ambulacarians | hemichordates and echinoderms |
| Characteristic of echinoderms | bilateral ciliated larvae |
| Characteristic of echinoderms | Pentaradial symmetry. Oral vs aboral side. (aboral contains anus) |
| Characteristic of hemichordates | bilateral ciliated larvae |
| Characteristic of hemichordates | Bilateral symmetry |
| Characteristic of hemichordates | 3 part body plan |
| Characteristic of echinoderms | Water-vascular system (H2O filled canals) and tube feet |
| Echinoderms use tube feet to capture prey such as | Polychaetes, gastropods and bivalves, Crustaceans, and fish |
| 3 part body plan of hemichordates | proboscis, collar, trunk. |
| Characteristic of chordates | Dorsal hollow nerve chord |
| Characteristic of chordates | tail extending beyond anus |
| Characteristic of chordates | Notochord- rigid but flexible - replaced by vertebrae |
| Characteristics of vertebrates | rigid internal skeleton supported by the vertebral column |
| Characteristics of vertebrates | Anterior skull with a large brain |
| Characteristics of vertebrates | internal organs suspended within coelom |
| Characteristics of vertebrates | Well-developed circulatory system driven by contractions of a ventral heart |
| Why are fins good | stabolize position in water |
| Jawed fish have | pair of pectoral fins behind gill slits |
| Jawed fish have | Pair of pelvic fins anterior to anal region |
| Jawed fish have | median dorsal and anal fins |
| Jawed fish have | caudal fin- tail |
| Chondrichthyans consist of | sharks, skates, rays. They have a cartilage skeleton. |
| How do sharks move? | lateral movements of body and caudal fin |
| How do skates and rays move? | vertical movements of enlarged pectoral fins |
| Swim bladders | gives buoyancy and controls depth. They are gas filled sacs. |
| Lungfish | jointed fins, lungs and gills, can burrow into mud. |
| Amniote egg | Shell of calcium, yolk has nutrition. Mammals lost shell and yolk. |
| Dorsal shell | extention of ribs (ie turtles) |
| Lepidosaurs, snakes, and lizards | have skin covered in horny scales, gas exchange via lungs, and they molt. |
| Archosaurs | crocodiles and birds |
| Crocodillians | Crocodiles, aligators, caimans, and gharials. |
| Archosaurs- birds | developed from theropods= predatory. They also have 2 lineages: flightless and flying. |
| Archosaurs- birds | have hollow bones, wishbone, bipedal, pelvis pointing back |
| Key features of mammalia | Sweat glands, mammary glands in females. |
| Key features of mammalia | Hair. 4 chambered heart. |
| Mammalia consists of | prototherians, marsupials, and eutherians |
| Protherians- | Lack placenta, lay eggs, and have sprawling legs. |
| Marsupials- | Australia and Americas. ventral pouch (Young climb into pouch) |
| Eutherians- | placental mammals, Whales/dolphans returned to aquatic environment |
| Tube feet | small tubular processes on the ventral body surface of most echinoderms, used for locomotion, grasping (including food), and gas exchange. |
| Jawless fish | Lampreys and hagfish |
| pentaradial symmetry | a body symmetry involving five or more parts arranged concentrically around a central axis made up of an oral/aboral pole. |
| Unique survival adaptations for sea cucumbers | they position themselves in a current of water; plankton and water flow by and are caught with their tentacles. It can eviscerate part of its internal organs. Discharges long sticky treads which entangle and paralize its predators |
| Jawed fish have | fins that stabilize its position in water |
| Coelacanth | is the common name for an order of fish that includes the oldest living lineage of gnathostomata known to date. The coelacanths, which are related to lungfishes and tetrapods, were believed to have been extinct until caught in South Africa in 1938. |
| Why do salamanders need moist environments? | their eggs can't sustain their own moisture, and must remain in water. And also, they breath through their skin, so if their skin dries, they die. |
| Amniotic egg | can maintain internal moisture. This is essential for terrestrial animals. Shell is calcium. Mammals lost yolk and shell. |
| 4 groups of reptiles | crocodilia, testudines, squamata, and sphenocephala. |
| The carapace of the turtle is | a dorsal shell derived from a rib cage |
| predatory lizard | Komodo dragon |
| archeopteryx is an important fossil because | of it provides evidence for evolution |
Created by:
maw247
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