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Mental Health/Psych
Somatic Symptom Illnesses
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Psychosomatic | Connection between the mind (psyche) and the body (soma) in the states of health and illness. |
| Hysteria | Multiple physical complaints with no organic basis; the complaints are usually described dramatically |
| Freud | Proposed that people can convert unexpressed emotions into physical symptoms, a process referred to as somatization |
| Somatization | Transference of mental experiences and states into bodily symptoms |
| Somatic symptom illnesses | Presence of physical symptoms that suggest a medical condition without a demonstrable organic basis to account fully for them. |
| Three central features of somatic symptom illnesses | Physical complaints suggest major medical illness, have no demonstrable organic basis; Psychological factors & conflicts seem important in initiating, exacerbating & maintaining the sx; Symptoms or magnified health concerns are not under client's control |
| Somatic symptom disorder | One or more physical symptoms that have no organic basis. Time and energy is focused a lot on health concerns |
| Conversion disorder (conversion reaction) | Involves unexplained, usually hidden deficits in sensory or motor function. Usually suggests a neurologic disorder but associated with psychological factors |
| Pain disorder | Primary physical symptom of pain is generally unrelieved by analgesics and greatly affected by psychological factors in terms of onset, severity, exacerbation, and maintenance |
| Hypochondriasis (Illness anxiety disorder) | Preoccupation with the fear that one has a serious disease (disease conviction) or will get a serious disease (disease phobia) |
| Somatic symptom illnesses are more common in | Women than men. Reports of pain are the most common complaints |
| Conversion Disorder usually | Occurs between 10 and 35. Pain disorder and hypochondriasis can occur at any age |
| Fabricated and induced illness | People feign or intentionally produce symptoms for some purpose or gain |
| Malingering and factitious disorders | Willful control of symptoms |
| Somatic symptoms illnesses | No voluntary control over symptoms |
| Malingering | Intentional production of false or grossly exaggerated physical or psychological symptoms; it is motivated by external incentives such as avoiding work, evading criminal prosecution, obtaining financial compensation, or obtaining drugs. |
| People who malinger | Can stop the physical symptoms as soon as they have gained what they wanted |
| Factitious disorder, imposed on self | Person intentionally produces or feigns physical or psychological symptoms solely to gain attention. People with factitious disorder my even inflict injury on themselves to receive attention |
| Munchausen's syndrome | Factitious disorder imposed on self |
| Factitious disorder, imposed on others (Munchausen's syndrome by proxy) | Occurs when a person inflicts illness or injury on someone else to gain the attention of emergency medical personnel or to be a "hero" for saving the victim |
| Internalization | People with somatic symptom illnesses keep stress, anxiety, or frustration inside rather than expressing them outwardly. Clients express internalized feelings and stress through physical symptoms |
| Primary gains | Direct external benefits that being sick provides, such as relief of anxiety, conflict, or stress |
| Secondary gains | Internal or personal benefits received from others because one is sick, such as attention from family members and comfort measures. |
| Biologic Theories | Differences in the way that clients with somatoform disorders regulate and interpret stimuli. The cannot sort relevant from irrelevant stimuli and respond equally to both types. |
| Treatment for somatic symptoms illnesses | Focus on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. |
| With Somatic symptom illnesses | Depression may accompany or result from it. Antidepressants help in some cases. SSRIs such as fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine are used most commonly |
Created by:
JennG2017
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