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CH 1 Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology | Study of life |
| Organization | Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System. The high degree of order within an organism's internal and external parts |
| Cell | Smallest unit that can perform all life's processes |
| Unicellular | Made up of one cell (bacteria) |
| Multicellular | Made up of multiple cells (humans/trees) |
| Organs | Structures that carry out specialized jobs within an organ system |
| Tissues | Groups of cells that have similar abilities and that allow the organ to function |
| Organelles | Tiny structures that carry out functions necessary for the cell to stay alive |
| Biological Molecules | Chemicals compounds that provide physical structure and that bring about movement, energy use, and other cellular functions |
| Homeostasis | The maintenance of a stable level of internal conditions even though environmental conditions are constantly changing |
| Metabolism | The sum of all the chemical reactions that take in and transform energy and materials from the environment |
| Cell Division | The formation of two new cells from an existing cell |
| Development | The process by which an organism becomes a mature adult |
| Reproduction | Essential for continuation of species. Where organisms produce new organisms like themselves |
| Gene | A short segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a single trait of an organism |
| Domains | Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya |
| Kingdoms | Eukarya-animal, plant, fungus, protist / Archaea / Bacteria |
| Ecology | The branch of biology that studies organisms interacting with each other and the enviroment |
| Ecosystems | Communities of living species and their physical environment |
| Evolution | Descent with modification |
| Natural Selection | Theory which organisms that have certain favorable traits are better able to survive and reproduce successfully than organisms that lack these traits |
| Adaptions | Traits that improve an individuals ability to survive and reproduce |
| Observation | The act of perceiving a natural occurrence that causes someone to pose a question |
| Hypothesis | A proposed explanation for the way a particular aspect the natural world functions |
| Prediction | Forecasts what would happen in a test situation |
| Experiment | Used to test a hypothesis and its predictions |
| Control Group | Provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results of the experimental group |
| Experimental Group | Identical to the control group except for the IV |
| IV | The experimenter manipulates it, affect the DV |
| DV | Responding variable, affected by the IV |
| Theory | When a set of related hypothesis is confirmed to true of many times and can explain a great amount of data |
| Peer Review | Where scientists read and critique a research paper |
| Compound Light Microscope | Microscope that shines light through a specimen and has two lenses to magnify an image |
| Eyepiece | Magnifies image (10x) |
| Obj. Lens | Enlarges the image |
| Stage | Supports a slide holding a specimen |
| Light source | Provides light for viewing an image |
| Magnification | The increase of an objects apparent size |
| Nosepiece | Structure that holds the set of obj. lens |
| SEM | Passes beams over surface of specimen. 3 dimensional images (100,000x) |
| TEM | Transmits a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specime (200,00x) |
| Metric System | Standard system of measurement |
| Base Units | Describe length, mass, time, and other quantities |
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