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Term | Definition |
---|---|
weathering | breaking down of rock |
mechanical weathering | Mechanical weathering takes place when rocks are broken down without any change in the chemical nature of the rocks. |
chemical weathering | Chemical reactions break down the bonds holding the rocks together, causing them to fall apart, forming smaller and smaller pieces. |
soil | the fertile, outermost layer of Earth's crust; composed of bits of rocks and minerals mixed with decomposing plant and animal material |
organic matter | naturally occurring substances created by an organism's body processes |
erosion | the removal of weathered rock material. After rocks have been broken down, the small particles are transported to other locations by wind, water, ice, and gravity. |
roots | a plant organ that takes in water and nutrients from the soil |
topography | the physical features which define the relief of a landscape, such as mountains, valleys, and the shapes of landforms |
deposit | an amount of rock or soil that has been laid down in an area; to drop |