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Weathering
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| weathering | the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface |
| abrasion | rock particles carried by wind, water, and ice can wear away rocks |
| erosion | 1. the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity. 2.process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another |
| chemical weathering | the process that breaks down the rock through chemical changes |
| mechanical weathering | a type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces |
| permeable | full of air spaces that allow water to seep through it |
| ice wedging | water expands when it freezes and acts like a wedge |
| deposition | occurs where the agents of erosion lay down sediment and it changes the shape of the land |
| sediment | materials moved by erosion |
| mass movement | caused by gravity, this is one of several processes that move sediment downhill; can be rapid or slow |
| runoff | water that moves over Earth's surface |
| drainage basin | the land area from which a river and its tributaries collect their water |
| delta | landform created by sediment deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake |
| rill | grooves created in soil from moving water |
| gully | a large groove or channel that moves rocks and soil with it and it only moves after a rainstorm |
| flood plain | the flat wide area of land along a river |
| meander | a loop like bend in the course of a river that is caused by erosion and deposition and is often found in rivers flowing through sedimentary rock |
| Oxbow Lake | a meander that has been cut off from the river-could happen after a flood |
| tributary | a stream that flows into a larger stream and meets at an intersection called confluence |
| alluvial fan | a wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range |
| glacier | any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land |
| moraine | the till deposited at the edges of a glacier that forms a ridge |
| kettle | a small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in glacial till |
| plucking | when a glacier flows over land and picks up rocks in the process |
| till | the mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits directly on the surface |
| longshore drift | as repeated waves hit the beach, some of the sediment moves down the beach with the current |
| spit | a result of longshore drift, a beach that projects like a finger into the water |
| deflation | the process by which wind removes surface materials *erosion by wind* |
| loess | a fine, wind-deposited sediment |
| stream | gullies that come together and continually flows on a downward slope |
| creep | the very slow downhill movement of rock and soil-so slow you can barely notice it; often results from the freezing and thawing of water in cracked layers of rock beneath the soil |
| gravity | pulls everything toward the center of the Earth; it is the force that moves rock and other materials downhill; causes mass movement |
Created by:
leannezecco
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