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final
psychological disorders,stress,treatment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stress | any circumstance that threaten or are perceived to threaten ones well being and tax ones coping abilities |
| types of stress | frustration,conflict,change,pressure |
| Frustration | pursuit of ones goal is blocked,everyday hassels,brief and not terribly important |
| change | requires readjustment of ones life,habits. caused by positive and negativve events. |
| pressure | expectations or demands to perform a certain way, usually time restrained |
| conflict | when two or more impulses compete for expression |
| types of conflict | approach-approach:choice to be made bwtn 2 attractive goals. avoidance-avoidance:choice to be made bwtn 2 unattractive goals. approach-avoidance:choice to be made whether to pursue a goal that has both attractive and unattractive aspects |
| role conflicts | reflect disagreements or friction bwtn expectations about how one should behave |
| conflict bwtn person and role: | occurs when a person is faced with a role that is incompatible with a persons attitude or personality. ex. a normally quiet and unassertive student is elected to student body president. |
| intrarole conflict: | refers to conflict within a role. ex: parents deal with intrarole conflict as it is often difficult to disciplineand be a friend to their child at the same time. |
| interrole conflict | tension bwtn two different roles that must be played at the same time. ex:children may find themselves playing parent to aging parents,though they are still treated as sons and daughters. |
| responses to stress: | emotional,physiological,behavioral |
| emotional response: | annoyance,anger,apprehension,anxiety,fear,sadness,grief. can affect memory,attention,judgement and decision making. |
| physiological responses: | brain pathways involved in stress responce. heart rate,hormones etc. |
| Selye explained stress reactions in terms of: | general adaptation syndrome |
| three stages of gas | alarm,resistance,exhaustion |
| alarm | stage 1: physiological response to threatening stimulus |
| resistance | stage 2: organism adapts to threat physiological changes stabilize |
| exhaustion | stage 3: the bodys resources become taxed,organism collapses from exhaustion |
| behavioral response | trying to cope with stress. coping strategies could be good or bad for you. ex. blame oneself,give up,act aggressively,addictions |
| external loc | is when people believe that events occure because of uncontrollable factors that are external to them. |
| internal loc | is when people believe that they are in control |
| loc | influences out perception of and our dealing with stress and stressful events |
| sympathetic nervous system | is a network of nerves that prepares the organs for rigorous activity. increases blood pressure,respiration(flight or flight response) |
| parasympathetic nervous system | facilitates vegetative,nonemergency responses by the organs. dominant during our relaxed stages. |
| hpa axis | the hypothalumus,pituitary gland and adrenal cortex |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone(acth) | stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol. |
| cortisol | helps the body mobilize energy to fight a difficult situation |
| most important element of the immune system | leukocytes |
| in response to an infection,leukocytes and other cells produce small proteins called | cytokines |
| cytokines | are the the immune systems way of telling the brain that the body is sick. they produce symptoms of being sick. |
| posttraumatic stress disorder(ptsd) | occurs in some people after terrifying experiences. |
| ptsd victims show lower than normal what? | cortisol levels |
| sapolsky(1988) | argues that the nature of todays crisis are more prolonged |
| explanations of mental illness | biological,psychological,supernatural |
| biological | abnormal behavior approached like disease,physical cause,malfunction of the brain |
| psychological explanation | fear,anxiety,frustration cause mental illness |
| supernatural | mysterious forces such as demons,spirits,devil. magic,exorcism,bloodlettiing,trepanation,witch hunts. |
| medical model of mental illness | the idea that abnormal behavior is a disease. |
| people with mental disorders | a diagnosis is made,a etiology is sought, and prognosis is made |
| transvestic fetihism | sexual and gender identity disorder, men like to dress like women. |
| deviant | different from normal/cultural standards)the behavior is |
| maladaptive | having negative consequences for social,occupational functioning the behavior is |
| distressing | subjectively painful the behavior is for the individual |
| diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th ed. | book of recognied disorders |
| anxiety disorders | disorders marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety |
| generalized anxiety disorder | chronic "free floating anxiety" about nearly everything.experience trembling,diarrea,dizziness |
| phobic disorder | specific focus of fear;irrational, no real threat |
| panic disorder and agoraphobia | paralyzing attacks of anxiety,may lead to agoraphobia |
| obsessive compulsive disorder(0cd) | obsessive thoughts,compulsive actions |
| posttraumatic stress disorder | psychological disturbance due to major traumatic events |
| somatoform disorders | physical ailments caused by psychological factors/disturbances, as they cannot be explained b organi conditions. |
Created by:
burejazm
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