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Ch. 3

TermDefinition
Robert Hooke British scientist who discovered the cell while looking at a slice of cork.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Father of Microscopy, best microscope maker of his time. Discovered animalcules "little animals" while looking at pond water.
organelles Small structures found floating in the cytoplasm of cells that are specialized for a specific function.
cytoplasm Jelly-like fluid that fills the cell in which organelles float in.
cell wall Rigid structure found on the outside of plant, bacteria, fungi, and some protist cells.
cell membrane Outer layer found in all cells that allows some things in and some things out of the cell.
cytoskeleton Fiber-like structure that provides extra support from within the cell to prevent collapse.
nucleus The control center of the cell. Found only in eukaryotic cells.
ribosomes Organelle that makes protein for the cell.
endoplasmic reticulum Organelle that acts as a tunnel or passageway to transport protein and other materials throughout the cell.
vacuole Stores water, food and wastes.
central vacuole Large organelle found only in plants to store mainly water.
vesicle Small sac-like organelle that acts as a vehicle to move material into or out of the cell. Often forms from the golgi body or cell membrane of the cell.
lysosome Organelle that contains digestive enzymes to break things down. The clean-up crew of the cell.
chloroplasts Green organelle found in plants where photosynthesis takes place.
golgi complex Organelle that packages and delivers materials that it receives from the ER.
mitochondria Organelle that breaks down food through the process of cellular respiration to make energy (ATP) for the cell.
ATP Name of the energy molecule made by the mitochondria.
cell The basic unit of life.
organism Any living thing.
DNA genetic material of the cell
photosynthesis process in which plants use sunlight to make food
chlorophyll green pigment that fills the chloroplasts
prokaryotic a cell that does not have a nucleus, bacteria
eukaryotic a cell that is complex and has a nucleus
Matthias Schleiden scientist who said all plants are made of cells
Theodor Schwann scientist who said all animals are made of cells
Rudolf Virchow scientist who said all cells come from existing cells
cell basic unit of life
tissue many specialized cells working together
organ many tissues working together to perform a specific task
organ system many organs working together to perform a specific task
organism any living thing
Created by: figueroad
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