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Theory Exam #5

Chapter 46: Urinary Eimination

QuestionAnswer
Micturition brain gives bladder permission to empty, bladder contracts, urinary sphincter relaxes, urine leaves body through urethra
Glomerulus cluster of capillaries in each nephron that filters water, glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid, creatinine, and major electrolytes
Nephrons functional unit of kidneys, remove waste products from blood, play major role in regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance
Erythropoietin hormone produced by kidneys that stimulate RBC production and bone marrow maturation
Renin-Angiotensin System method of BP control in kidneys, release of aldosterone and prostacyclin
Aldosterone causes retention of water, increases blood volume
Prostaglandin E2 & Prostacyclin vasoldilation to maintain renal blood flow
Minerals regulated by kidneys calcium and phosphate
Pathological conditions affecting urinary elimination DM, MS, stroke, arthritis, Parkinson’s, dementia, CPS, spinal cord injury, IVDD above S1, prostatic enlargement
Hematuria blood in urine
Pyelonephritis Upper UTI
Dysuria pain or burning with urination
Nursing History review of patient’s elimination patterns, symptoms, assessment of factor that are affecting th eability to urinate normally
Oliguria diminished urinary output in relation to fluid intake
Polyuria voiding excessive amounts of urine
Nocturia awakened from sleep because of urge to urinate
Specific Gravity of Urine 1.0053-1.030
Most people experience strong urge to urinate when bladder is how full? 400-600 mL
Postvoid Residual PVR amount of urine left in bladder after voiding measured by bladder scan or straight cath
Older adults experience this change in mental status with UTIs delerium
Continent Urinary Reservoir created from distal part of ileum and proximal part of colon
Orthotopic Neobladder uses ileal pouch to replace bladder
Under how many mLs per hour of urine output is concerning 30mLs/hr
Time frame for urine specimen to arrive to lab 2 hours
Created by: bclinton15
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