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Kingdom Animalia

Exam 4 Study Guide

QuestionAnswer
What are the physical characteristics that are unique to mammals? Cell migration and embryonic stem cell layers
What evolutionary traits and strategies did mammals evolve to adapt to their environment and to be more successful at reproduction? Two types of embryonic development: Protostomes and deuterostomes (develop digestive system in different directions.
What is meant by "ectothermic" or "endothermic"? ectothermic= body temperature matches environment and endothermic= warm-blooded
Are mammals ectothermic or endothermic? endothermic
What specific vertebrate group is the ancestor of mammals? therapsid reptiles
Which evolved first - birds or mammals? mammals
Did mammals co-exist with dinosaurs? Yes, but in the shadows
Did primates co-exist with dinosaurs? No
What are the characteristics of class mammalia? endothermic, have fur, sweat glands, internal fertilization and parental care, and mammary glands
Examples of characteristics of class mammalia. lizard pressed against warm rocks gains heat; sweating human cooled by evaporation
What was the order of evolution of these groups? monotremes, marsupials, and eutherians (placentals)
Where are monotremes and marsupials found today? Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea, and New Zealand
Monotremes: egg-laying mammals that nourish young with milk from mammary glands. Ex: duck-billed platypus, short-beaked echidna
Marsupials: protect and feed young with milk from mammary glands in external pocket/pouch. Ex: possum, opossum, koala bear, kangaroo, and sugar glider
Placentals: nourish young internally during embryonic and fetal development through placenta. Ex: polar bears
What is a "placenta"? a temporary organ comprised of embryonic and maternal tissues with an extensive blood supply
What did the placenta evolve from? amniotic egg
Created by: BrittBrat11
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