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RNSG 1341
Integumentary Disorders (Chapters 4, 12, 15, 16)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A vascular superficial layer that is the outer, protective layer | Epidermis |
| Manufactures Vitamin D (which is manufactured by the sun) | Epidermis |
| Second layer of the skin | Dermis |
| Gives skin structure, texture, substance, flexibility and strength | - Collegen - Reticulum - Elastin |
| Responsible for collagen synthesis and wound healing | Fibroblasts |
| Responsible for fluid and microbial removal | Lymphatic glands |
| Responsible for nutrients and thermoregulation | Blood vessels |
| Contains mast cells for inflammatory responses as well as macrophages (engulfing/repairing cells) | Dermis |
| Layer of skin the attaches skin to underlying tissue and organ | Hypodermis (Subcutaneous layer) |
| Sweat Glands contains | - Eccrine - Apocrine |
| Eccrine | Regulates Body temperature |
| Apocrine | - Produces body odor |
| Skin dryness | Xerosis |
| Actinic lentigo | Brown spot of aging |
| What is released in response to injury? | - Prostaglandins - Histamine |
| Systemic response to infection include | Elevated temp, chills, fever, malaise, fatigue, lymph node swelling, leukocytosis (WBC > 10,000), poor appetite, positive wound/blood cultures |
| Labs to monitor inflammation | WBC, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) |
| Vitamins that aid in tissue healing | A, B, C and K |
| Primary (1st) intention healing | Shortened phase Closed/uncomplicated/clean wound Initial (inflammatory) phase Scar contraction/maturation phase 7 days and continues several months Thin scar |
| Secondary intention healing | Granulation/contraction Deeper tissue injury or wound Irregular wound margins Greater inflammatory response with more debris/cells/exudate Healing takes place from inside out More granulation tissue/larger wound Takes longer to heal |
| Tertiary (3rd) intention healing | Delayed suturing of wound Contaminated wound left open Primary wound infected, reopened surgically High risk for infection Large, deeper scar |
| Phases of wound healing | Physiological process Inflammatory phase Proliferative phase Remodeling phase |
| Serous fluid | Thin, clear of slightly yellow |
| Serosanguinous fluid | Mixture of both clear and bloody exudate; pink |
| Sanguineous fluid | Both serum and red blood cells, thicker reddish appearance |
| Purulent | WBCs, tissue debris and bacteria Thick, different color--brown, green, yellow drainage May have odor--abnormal |
| Proliferative/Maturation phase = repair phase | Granulation tissue and epithelial cells form Scar formation usually occurs |
| Partial thickness wounds (Stage II) | Damage to epidermis and upper latter of dermis Heals by re-epithelialization within 5 to 7 days Skin injury immediately followed by local inflammation |
| Full thickness wounds (Stage III or IV) | Damage to lower layers of dermis and subcutaneous tissue Removal of tissue results in defect, fills with granulation Bone, tendon and muscle exposed |
Created by:
pdimple
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