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Science Study Guide Chapter 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ocean | larger bodies of salt water |
| continent | seven great land areas |
| continental shelf | lies under the ocean at the edge of a continent |
| landform | a feature of land on Earth's surface |
| mountain | the highest landform |
| valley | low land between hills or mountains |
| plateau | flat area of land that is raised much higher then the surrounding area |
| plain | land that is wide and flat |
| River | large body of moving water |
| Canyon | deep, narrow valley with steep side (Water breaks rock into smaller pieces and carries the pieces away.) |
| Ocean Trench | similar to a canyon on land |
| Crust | thin, outer layer on land |
| Mantle | layer immediately below Earth's crust |
| Core | the deepest, hottest layer on Earth (the center of Earth) |
| Earthquake | sudden movement of rocks in Earth's crust |
| Volcano | mountain that builds up around an opening in Earth crust (made up of mostly cooled, hardened lava.) |
| Magma | melted rock inside Earth's crust and mantle |
| Lava | melted rock (magma) that reaches Earth's surface |
| Landslide | rapid movement of rocks and soil down hill (Gravity can cause landslide) |
| Flood | occurs when water rises over land that is usually dry |
| Weathering | breaking down of rocks into smaller and smaller pieces (Rain, ice and wind can cause weathering |
| Erosion | the wearing away and movement of weathered rock, sometimes caused by moving water or wind (Trees help to protect the land by helping to prevent erosion.) |
| Glacier | a mass of ice that moves slowly across the land |
| Deposition | the dropping off of weathered rock |