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Cell/microscope test
Cell Science Quiz
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell Membrane | Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell. |
| Cell Wall | Found in plant cells & bacteria. Supports and protects the cell. |
| Nucleus | Directs cell activities. Creates DNA. |
| Cytoplasm | Gel-like mixture. Surrounded by cell membrane. All organelles are found in the cytoplasm. Holds all organelles. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | Moves material around in the cell. Ribosomes embedded in the surface. |
| Mitochondria | Powerhouse of cell. Produces energy through chemical reactions. Breaks down fats & carbs. "Mighty Mitochondria." |
| Vacuole | membrane covered sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal. Helps plants maintain shape. |
| Choroplasts | Found in plant cells. Place where photosynthesis occurs. Allows plant cells to make their own food. |
| Golgi Body/Apparatus | Packages proteins made in the cell. Helps to move materials within the cell. |
| Lysosomes | Transports undigested material to th cell membrane for removal. |
| Nuclear Membrane | Surrounds nucleus. Allows materials to enter and leave the nucleus. |
| Chromosomes | In nucleus. Made of DNA. Contain instructions for traits and characteristics. |
| Nucleolus | In side nucleus. Contains RNA to build protein. |
| Ribosomes | Each cell contains thousands. Make proteins. Found on ER and floating throughout the cell. |
| Objectives | Lenses that magnify the object found on the nose-piece. |
| Coarse Adjustment Knob | Moves Body tube up and down. Use only under low power. |
| Fine Adjustment Knob | Clarifies the image under low or high power. |
| Diaphragm | Adjusts the amount of light. |
| Eyepiece | Contains a 10x lhomens/ also called the ocular lens. |
| How do you make a wet mound slide? | Place the specimen on the slide, add a drop of water. Place the cover slip on an angle and lower it onto the slide. This helps to reduce bubbles on the slide. |
| Why are so many slides bright colors like hot pink, green or blue? | The specimens often need to be stained so you can see the details such as the organelles. We stained the cheek cells blue in class, but did not need to stain the plants cells. |
| Homeostasis | Refers to an organism's ability to maintain an stable internal environment, balanced. |
| Autotrough | An organsim's that makes its own food. |
| Heterotroph | An organism that must consume other organism for food, can't make its own food. |
| Metabolism | All the chemical processes in an organism |
| Excretion | Removal of waste products |
| Digestion | Breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules that can be used by the cell. |
| Metabolism | All chemical reactions in an organism that help to maintain life processes |
| Cell theory 1 | All living things are made of cells. |
| Cell theory 2 | The cell is basic unit of structure and function in living things. |
| Cell theory 3 | All cells come from previously existing cells |
| Technology and experiments that contributed to cell theory 1 | Robert Hook saw the first cells under the microscope. He came up with the name "cells" because they looked like tiny rooms. |
| Technology and experiments that contributed to cell theory 2 | |
| Technology and experiments that contributed to cell theory 3 | Several scientists contributed their findings related to plant and animal cells (Schleiden, Shwann, and Virchow.) |
| Technology and experiments that contributed to cell theory 4 | Reid's experiment: he put the raw meat into three containers with different tops to find out where the flies came from. |
| Technology and experiments that contributed to cell theory 5 | Reid proved that the flies came from the eggs that were laid by adult flies. The eggs hatched into maggots. He proved that living things come from other living things and they do not spontaneously generate. |
| Prokaryotes | Si,pale cells without organelles or a nucleus. Their DNA (genetic material found dirctly in the cytoplasm.). Bacteria and the earliest cells are this. |
| Eurakoytes | More complex cells that contain organelles and a nucleus. They are more advanced and are found in plants, animals, fungi and Protista (one-celled pond organisms.) |
| Differences between plant and animal cells 1 | Plants have a cell wall, green chloroplasts, and a very large central vacuole. |
| Differences between plant and animals cells 2 | Plant cells are a rectangular shape. |
| Differences between plant and animals cells 3 | Animal cells vary in shape based on their function in their organsim in which they ate found. They are often show. As round. They have small vacuoles, but do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts. |
| Why might cells have a large a,punt of mitochondria? | The cell may need a great deal of energy such as cells found in muscles. |
| Why do the cells of an onion have no green chloroplasts like their leaves? | Those cells are found underground, so they do not have any photosynthesis occurring in them. Roots are not green. |
| Why do plants need a large vacuole? | |
| What part of the cell is often described as carrying the blueprints for life, has the chromosomes inside and controls the cells activities? | The nucleus |
| Tissue or | A group similar to cells that have the same function. |
| Organ | A group of differ met types of cells that work together to do a specific job. Example: there are several types of cells that make up the heart. |
| Organ system | A group of organs that work together to do a special job. Example: circulatory system transports materials such as food and oxygen throughout the organism. |
Created by:
LaxyLucy7
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