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-Science-
Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Continental Drift.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tectonics | The study of the formation of the features in earth's crust. |
| The earth's crust consist of two types, which are? | 1.Oceanin Crust2.Continental Crust |
| The earth has two layers, which are? | 1.Lithosphere2.Asthnosphere |
| Lithosphere | Is made up of the oceanic crust, continental crust, and the rigid upper mantle. |
| Lithospheric Plates | Are broken up into several individual plates, these plates ride on top of the denser asthenosphere through the process of convection. |
| Asthenosphere | A layer of solid rock that flows like putty due to the extreme pressure. |
| Due to the movement of plates there are three types of movements. Name them. | 1.Divergent Boundaries2.Convergent Boundaries3.Transform Boundaries |
| Divergent Boundaries | When two plates move away from each other. They form a rift valley.Example: Mid Atlantic Ridge. |
| Convergent Boundaries | When two plates collide. |
| Transform Boundaries | When two plates grind past each other. Example: San Andrea Fault in California |
| Earthquakes | A shaking of the earth's crust due to a release of energy. |
| Elastic Rebound Theory | As pressure builds up betwen two plates that are locked the plates will fracture at their weakest point, and spring back or rebound to their original position. |
| Fault | An area where breaks in the earth's crust are moving in different directions. |
| Major Eathquake Zones | 1.Pacific Ring Of Fire2.Mid Ocean Ridges3.Euasian Melanesian Mountain Belt |
| Siesmic Waves | 1.Primary Waves (P)2.Secondary Waves (S)3.Surface Waves (L) |
| Primary Waves (P) | Compressional waves, travel through solids, liguids, gas. |
| Secondary Waves (S) | Displace rock particles perpendicular to the path of the wave, travel through solids. |
| Surface Waves (L) | Travel over the surface of the earth. Move like ripples in a pound. |
| Earthquakes have two point locations. | 1.Focus2.Epicenter |
| The focus and epicenter of the earthquake are located by... | Trilateration |
| Volcanoes | Any place on the planet where some material from the inside of the planet makes it way to the surface. |
| Magma | Fluid, molten rock. |
| Where do must volcanoes occur? | Island Arcs near Subduction zones. |
| Lava | When magma reaches the sufrace. |
| Two types of rocks formed from lava. | 1.Felsic2.Maific |
| Felsic Rocks | Are formed from magma that is re-meltded continental crust. They are rich in feldspar and quartz. Red, brown or gray in color. |
| Maric Rocks | Are formed from macific magma which is directly from the mantle. Appear black in color. |
| Two types of lava rocks | 1.Aa2.Pahoehoe |
| Aa Lava Rocks | Form from thicker, slower moving lava. |
| Pahoehoe Lava Rocks | Forms smooth shapes, looking like rope or toothpaste. |
| Types of Volcanoes | 1.Shield Volcanoes2.Stratovolcano3.Cinder Cone |
| Shield Volcaneos | Broad and rounded, made from stacks of runny basaltic lava. |
| Statovolcano | Steep sided volcano made of alternating layers of cinders and lava. |
| Tephra | A term used to descrive any material produced in an explosive volcanic eruption. |
Created by:
kmarieu
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