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Ch 3.1 What is Life?

The questions and vocabulary come from Ch3 sec1 of the Pearson science book

TermDefinition
Organism Another word for living things.
Cell The basic unit of structure and function in an organism.
Unicellular Single celled organisms.
Multicellular Organisms composed of more than one cell/ many cells.
Metabolism The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials.
Stimulus A change in an organism's surroundings that cause an organism to react.
Response How an organism reacts to a stimulus.
Water The most abundant chemical in cells. It is the universal solvent.
Development The process of change that occurs during an organism's life, producing a more complex organism.
Growth The process of becoming larger.
Reproduction To produce offspring that are similar to the parents.
Asexual Reproduction Involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.
Sexual Reproduction Involves two parents and combines their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents.
Spontaneous Generation The mistaken idea that all living things can arise from nonliving sources.
Francesco Redi An Italian doctor from the 1600's that helped disprove spontaneous generation.
Redi's Experiment Redi designed a controlled experiment to show that maggots, which develop into new flies, do not arise from decaying meat.
Controlled Experiment An experiment in which a scientist that carries out a series of tests that are identical in every aspect except for the independent variable (manipulated variable).
Louis Pasteur A French Chemist from the mid-1800's, that designed an experiment with broth and bacterial growth to test spontaneous generation. His experiment helped to disprove spontaneous generation.
Pasteur's Experiment Pasteur designed an experiment with broth in two curved neck flasks that were boiled to kill bacteria. Air could not enter either of the flasks. The flasks sat for a year w/o bacterial growth. On one of the flasks, the neck was broken and bacteria grew!
Autotrophs Organisms that can make their own food. Example= plants
Heterotrophs Organisms that obtain their energy by feeding on other organisms. Examples= humans, cows, lions, vultures
Homeostasis The maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism.
Created by: jstauffer
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