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chapter 4 vocabulary

TermDefinition
ATP molecule that transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell processes
ADP a lower-energy molecule that can be converted ATP by the addition of a phosphate group
chemosynthesis process by which some organisms use chemical energy instead of light energy to make energy storing carbon-based molecules.
photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy
chlorophyll a molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some of the energy in visible light
thylakoid membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll and other light-absorbing pigments used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
light-dependent reaction part of photosynthesis that absorbs energy from sunlight and transfers energy to the light-independent reactions
light-independent reaction part of photosynthesis that uses energy absorbed during the light-dependent reactions to synthesis carbohydrates
photosystem energy is captured and transferred in the thylakoid membranes by two groups of molecules
electron transport system series of proteins in the membrane of the thylakoid
ATP synthase part of a complex enzyme
calvin cycle process by which a photosynthetic organism uses energy to synthesize simple sugars from CO2
cellular respiration releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present
aerobic needs oxygen to take place
glycolysis splits glucose into two three-carbon molecules and makes two molecules of ATP
anaerobic doesn't need oxygen to take place
krebs cycle produces molecules that carry energy to the 2nd part of cellular respiration
fermentation doesn't make ATP, allows glycolysis to continue
lactic acid causes your molecules to "burn" during hard exercise
Created by: brookemurphy
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