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RNSG 1341
Chapter 10 Fluid and Electrolytes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Total body water weight of young adult male | 60% |
| Total body water weight of young adult female | 50% |
| Total body water weight of older adult | 45% |
| Adipose tissue contains ____________ water. | little |
| Average fluid intake and output | 2500ml/day |
| Average daily urine output | 1200 - 1500 ml/day |
| Makes up 5% of body weight | Plasma |
| Makes up 40% of body weight | Intra-cellular fluid |
| Makes up 20% of body weight | Extracellular fluid |
| Makes up 15% of body weight | Interstitial/transcellular fluid |
| Makes up 60% of body weight | Total body fluid |
| Minimum urine output | 500 ml |
| Very concentrated blood | high osmolality |
| Very dilute blood | low osmolality |
| very concentrated urine | high specific gravity |
| very dilute urine | low specific gravity |
| Manifestation of dehydration | decreased pulse decreased urine output cool skin no change in respiration or breath sounds |
| Condition that cause retention of water or sodium | Administration of corticosteroids |
| Condition that cause retention of water or sodium | Cirrhosis of liver |
| Condition that cause retention of water or sodium | Excessive intake of sodium |
| Sodium level | 135-145 mEq/L |
| Hyponatremia | Serum sodium less than 135 |
| Complications of hypotremia | cellular swelling, cerebral edema, seizures, increased intracranial pressure |
| Early signs of hypotremia | muscle cramps, weakness and fatique |
| Hypernatremia | Serum sodium greater than 145 mEq/L |
| Hypernatremia causes | water to be drawn out of cells causing cell shrinkage |
| Normal potassium level | 3.5-5.3 mEq/L |
| Potassium helps these functions | nerve impulses cardiac rhythms muscle contraction |
| K+ found mosly | intracellular |
| hypokalemia | low potassium |
| hyperkalemia | high potassium |
| Critical hypokalemia level | below 2.5 |
| hyperkalemia | Serum potassium greater than 5.3 mEq/L |
| hypokalemia | Serum potassium lower than 3.5 mEq/L |
| hyperkalemia level that causes cardiac arrest | greater than 8 mEq/L |
Created by:
pdimple
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