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Rock Cycle
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Rock Cycle | the series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes |
| Rock | a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter |
| Erosion | the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment forms again by geologist processes |
| Deposition | the process in which material is laid down |
| Compostion | the chemical makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or other materials in the rock |
| Texture | the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rock's grains |
| Uplift | the movement within the Earth that causes rock inside the Earth to be moved to the Earth's surface |
| Lava Flow | when lava flows from a volcano or from fissures in the earth |
| Batholiths | the largest of all igneous intrusions |
| Plutons | large irregular-shaped intrusive bodies |
| Dikes | intrusive bodies that are exposed over smaller areas than batholiths |
| Sills | sheetlike intrusions that cut across previous rock units |
| Intrusive Igneous Rock | rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth's surface. |
| Extrusive Igneous Rock | rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth's surface |
| Mafic Rock | Dark-colored rocks; rich in calcium, iron, and magnesium, and poor in silicon |
| Magma | liquid rock |
| Strata | layers of rock (singular, stratum) |
| Fossiliferous Limestone | cemented together animal remains |
| Stratification | the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers |
| Organic Sedimentary Rocks | forms from once- living plants or animals |
| Mud Cracks | indicate the location of an old lake, stream, or shoreline; formed when fine-grained sediments at the bottom of a shallow body of water are exposed to air and dry out |
| Ripple Marks | marks left from oceans, rivers, lakes, and sand dunes |
| index minerals | rocks that only form at certain temps and pressures and are used to estimate the temp, depth, and pressure at which a rock undergoes metamorphism |
| recrystallization | when the crystals of a mineral change in composition |
| folitated | the texture of a metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands |
| nonfolitated | the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands |
| metamorphism | when a rock goes through a process of change |
| contact meta | occurs near igneous intrusions |
| regional meta | when pressure builds up in rock that is buried deep below other rock formations or when large pieces of Earth's crust collide with each other. |
| deformation | a change in the shape of a rock caused by a force placed on it |
Created by:
maddieb317