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rocks

TermDefinition
rock cycle The continual process by which new rock forms from old rock material
rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals and organic matter
erosion the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another
deposition the process in which material is laid down
composition the chemical makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or other materials in the rock
texture the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rock's grains
uplift is movement within the earth that causes rocks inside the earth to be moved to the earth's surface
intrusive igneous rock rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the earth's surface
extrusive igneous rock rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the earths surface
mafic rock are rich in calcium, iron, and magnesium, and poor in silicon
magma forms when rock is heated, when pressure is released, or when rock changes composition
plutons large irregular shaped intrusive bodies
batholiths largest of all igneous intrusions
dikes cut across previous rock units
sills sheetlike intrusions that are oriented parallel to previous rock units
lava flow when lava erupts from a volcano
strata layer of rock
stratification the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers
fossilerous limestone animal remains cemented together
organic sedimentary forms from the remains of once living plants and animals
ripple marks sedimentary rocks record the motion of wind and water waves on lakes, oceans, rivers, and sand dunes
mud cracks form when fine grained sediments at the bottom of a shallow body of water are exposed to the air and dry out
foliated the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands
nonfoliated the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arrange in planes or bands
metamorphism a rock changes temperature or pressure from a new environment
contact metamorphism occurs near igneous intrusions
regional metamorphism pressure builds up in rock that is buried deep below other rock formations or when large pieces of the Earth's crust collide with each other
index minerals used to estimate the temperature , depth, and pressure at which a rock undergoes metamorphism
recrystalization crystals of minerals going through metamorphism change in size or the mineral may change in composition
deformation is a change in the shape of a rock caused by a force placed on it
Created by: Amethyst_Blossom
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