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ch. 4 rock cycle
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| rock cycle | The process by which new rock forms from old rock material is called the rock cycle. |
| rock | A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals and organic matter. |
| erosion | The process by which sediment is removed from its source is called erosion. |
| deposition | The process in which sediment moved by erosion is dropped and comes to rest is called deposition . |
| composition | The minerals a rock contains determine the composition of that rock. |
| texture | The size, shape, and positions of the grains that make up a rock determine a rock's texture. |
| uplift | The rising of regions of the earths crust to higher elevations. |
| intrusive igneous rock | When magma intrudes or pushes into surrounding rock below the Earths's surface and cools the rock that forms is called Intrusive igneous rock. |
| extrusive igneous rock | Igneous rock that forms from magma that erupts or extrudes onto the Earth's surface is call intrusive extrusive igneous rock. |
| magama | magma is like lava but its deep within the Earth's crust |
| mafic rock | A mafic rock is dark colored and are rich in calcium iron and magnesium and they are poor in silicon. |
| dikes | Sheet like intrusions that cut across previous rock units are called dikes. |
| plutons | Are large irregular shaped instructive bodies. |
| batholiths | The largest of all igneous intrusions are batholiths. |
| sills | They are sheet like intrusions tgat are oriented parallell to previous rock units. |
| lava flow | When lava erupts from a volcano it flows. |
| strata | Layers of rock. |
| stratification | The process on which sedimentary rocks are layered. |
| organic sedimentary rock | Forms the remains of once living plants or animals. |
| fossiliferous limestone | When animal remains become cemented together. |
| ripple marks | Record the motion in sand dunes. |
| mud cracks | Fined grain sediments at the bottom of muddy shallow bodies of water. |
| foliated | The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands. |
| nonfoliated | The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands. |
| deformation | A change in a rock caused by force placed on it. |
| metamorphism | When rocks changed shape and size. |
| contract meta | Occurs near igneous intrusions |
| regional meta | When the Earth's crust collides with eachother |
| index minerals | Minerals used to estimate the temperature, depth, and pressure at which rock undergoes metamorphism |
| recrystallization | Change in the size or the mineral may change in composition. |
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TRAE31
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