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biology vocab. (bri)
biology vocab chapter 2. (bri)
| Definition | Word |
|---|---|
| compound that is a proton donor. | acid |
| organic molecule that is the building block of protien. | amino acid |
| smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means. | atom |
| compound that is a proton acceptor. | base |
| organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; used by living things as an energy source. | carbohydrate |
| bilipid layer that encloses the cytoplasm. | cell membrane |
| principle that states all organisms are made of one or more cells. | cell theory |
| carbohydrate that is the main structural component of cell walls. | cellulose |
| cavity in plant cells used for storage. | central vacuole |
| rod shaped organelle that helps move chromosomes during cell division. | centriole |
| cellular structure on which genes are located. | chromosome |
| in cells, tightly packed rows of short flagella used for movement. | cilia |
| fibrous structural protien present in all multicellular organisms, particularly in connective tissue. | collagen |
| substance that is made up of more than one kind of atom. | compound |
| the material between the cell membrane and nuclear membrane. | cytoplasm |
| network of protien filaments that plays an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division. | cytoskeleton |
| nucliec acid that stores heredity information. | DNA |
| elementary particle with negative electric charge. | electron |
| substance composed of a single type of atom. | element |
| cell membranes in the cytoplasm that transport substances made by the cell. | endoplasmic reticulum |
| protien that catalyzes a chemical reaction. | enzyme |
| complex cell that has a nucleus enclosed by a membrane. | eukaryotic |
| change in genetic makeup of a population or species over time. | evoloution |
| whip like structures that grow out of a cell and enable it to move. | flagella |
| polymer of flucose used for short term energy storage. | glycogen |
| cell organelleof a eukaryotic cell that consists of flattened sacs and collects, packages, and distributes molecules produced by the cell. | golgi body |
| weak chemical bond between positive hydrogen atom and negative atom (usually oxygen or nitrogen). | hydrogen bond |
| electrically charged atom or mollecule. | ion |
| chemical bond joining positive and negative ions. | ionic bond |
| microscope that uses a beam of light passing through one or more lenses. | light microscope |
| cell organelle of a eukaryotic cell containing digestive enzymes. | lysosome |
| enlargement or enlarging of an image. | magnification |
| hollow protien fiber in cytoplasm, involved in cell movement and structure. | microtubule |
| cell organelle that supplies the cell with energy. | mitochondria |
| smallest particle of a substance. | molecule |
| double membrane that surrounds the nucleus. | nuclear membrane |
| molecule that stores information for cell functions. | nucliec acid |
| subunit of nucliec acids. | nucleotide |
| organelle that stores DNA. | nucleus |
| subcellular structure that has a special function. | organelle |
| intracellular, membrane bound, organelle that contains oxidative enzymes and carries out oxidative reactions. | perioxsome |
| method of relating the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution. | pH scale |
| thin layer on the surface of all cells consisting mainly lipids and protiens. | plasma membrane |
| a molecule with positivly and negativly charged ends. | polar molecule |
| a chain of amino acids. | polypeptide |
| complex carbohydrate composed of 3 or more monosaccharides. | polysaccharide |
| a cell without a nucleus. | prokaryotic |
| organic compound formed of one or more chains of polypeptides. | protien |
| in microscopes, the ability to distinguish small, close objects. | resolutions |
| organelle where protiens are synthesized. | ribosome |
| nucleic acid that participates in the expression of genes. | RNA |
| fat that contains no C=C bonds. | saturated fat |
| microscope that has 3D images using electrons. | scanning electron microscope (SEM) |
| storage from of glucose consisting of hundreds of glucose molecules. | starch |
| class of lipids that includes cholesterol and some horemones. | steriod |
| microscope with floressent screen. | transmission electron microscope (TEM) |
| fat that contains C=C bonds. | unsaturated fat |
| sac in a cell's interior. | vesicle |
Created by:
Brii
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