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volcanoes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| volcano | a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater through which lava and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust. |
| lava | hot molten or semi-fluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure. |
| magma | hot fluid or semi-fluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed. |
| ring of fire | The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. |
| hot spot | a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings. |
| shield volcano | a broad, domed volcano with gently sloping sides, characteristic of the eruption of fluid, basaltic lava. |
| composite volcano | a conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash. |
| cinder core volcano | A steep, conical hill consisting of glassy volcanic fragments that accumulate around and downwind from a volcanic vent. |
| sill | A sill forms when magma squeezes between layers of rock and hardens. |
| dike | A dike forms when magma forces itself across rock layers and hardens. |
| batholith | mass of rock formed when magma cools inside the crust |
| lava plateau | A lava plateau is a large, flat area of land created by lava filling in all the valleys and other depressions. |
| extinct | no longer in existence; that has ended or died out: an extinct species of fish. |
| dormant | lying asleep or as if .asleep; inactive, as in sleep |
| active | a volcano that has recently showed signs of erupting |
| viscosity | physical property that is resistant to flowing |
| silica | a material found in magma that is formed from the elements oxygen and silicon. |
| pahoehoe | hot fast moving lava |
| AA | slow moving lava |
| compound | substance made up of two or more elements |
| element | substance that cannot be broken down |
| volcanic ash | fine rocky particles as small as a speck of dust |
| magma chamber | inside a volcano magma collects in a pocket |
| crater | a bowl shaped area around a volcanoes central vent |
| vent | where magma leaves the volcano through an opening |
| pipe | a long tube that connects the magma chamber to earths surface |
| gyser | a fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground |
| hot spring | collect in a natural pool |
| caldera | the huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain |
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